| Summary: | The emergence of indigenous movements in the early 1990s, on the national and international arenas, was accompanied by important identity and territorial transformations in Latin America. In Chile, during this same period, the question of territory became central to Mapuche demands. However, the notion of territory remains fairly recent in the scientific literature concerning them. Therefore, it seemed important to retrace the history of this concept from studies carried out in Mapuche territory during the 20th century and to see how it is present without being pronounced, and thus to better understand the relationship between the scientific and political fields. Through a bibliographical research on the main anthropological, sociological and historical works carried out during this period of maturation of the Mapuche territorial discourse (20th century) we will see how the pioneering studies of Faron and Stuchlik gave a socio-cultural dimension to the representation of community spaces, while the sociological studies carried out during the Agrarian Reform forged the "Mapuche question" from a social, economic and political point of view. Finally, it is in the context of the return to democracy that the emergence of land studies will make it possible to link the historical question of usurped land with that of territory.
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