Possibilities of blood pressure and metabolic disorders correction by using diet programs in patients with overweight and obesity

• Main Authors: Juliya V Zhernakova, Ekaterina A Zheleznova, Irina E Chazova, Nataliia V Blinova, Konstantin P Ivanov, Antonina V Starodubova
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: IP Morozov P.V. 2019-06-01
• Series: Системные гипертензии
• Subjects: hypertension; obesity; overweight; diet programs; diet
• Online Access: https://syst-hypertension.ru/2075-082X/article/viewFile/33551/pdf
• ISSN: 2075-082X; 2542-2189

Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular disease. The close relationship of overweight and obesity with high blood pressure is recognized by most experts. Recently, epidemiological studies have seen a steady increase in the frequency of arterial hypertension, which is associated with the pandemic of obesity and its attendant conditions - metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In this regard, it becomes clear that the correction of body weight plays a key role among the modified risk factors. According to the latest recommendations of The American Heart Association and The European Society of Cardiology, all patients with hypertension should follow dietary recommendations. There are a huge number of nutritional recommendations that potentially lower blood pressure. Such as restriction of salt intake, increased level of potassium in the diet, of fiber consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Some of the recommendations are combined into dietary patterns. One of these is vegetarianism. There are also diets that have shown their effectiveness in reducing blood pressure. These include the Mediterranean Diet, the Northern Diet, the DASH Diet. The purpose of this review is to consider the popular dietary approaches that reduce blood pressure and the evidence of their effectiveness.