A Suppression Method of Concentration Background Noise by Transductive Transfer Learning for a Metal Oxide Semiconductor-Based Electronic Nose

• Main Authors: Huixiang Liu, Qing Li, Zhiyong Li, Yu Gu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-03-01
• Series: Sensors
• Subjects: drift suppression; dimensionality reduction; electronic nose; domain adaptation; transfer learning
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/7/1913

Signal drift caused by sensors or environmental changes, which can be regarded as data distribution changes over time, is related to transductive transfer learning, and the data in the target domain is not labeled. We propose a method that learns a subspace with maximum independence of the concentration features (MICF) according to the Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC), which reduces the inter-concentration discrepancy of distributions. Then, we use Iterative Fisher Linear Discriminant (IFLD) to extract the signal features by reducing the divergence within classes and increasing the divergence among classes, which helps to prevent inconsistent ratios of different types of samples among the domains. The effectiveness of MICF and IFLD was verified by three sets of experiments using sensors in real world conditions, along with experiments conducted in the authors’ laboratory. The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 76.17%, which was better than any of the existing methods that publish their data on a publicly available dataset (the Gas Sensor Drift Dataset). It was found that the MICF-IFLD was simple and effective, reduced interferences, and deftly managed tasks of transfer classification.