Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCC

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is greatly enhanced by the absence of the core fucose of oligosaccharides attached to the Fc, and is closely related to the clinical efficacy of anticancer activity in humans <it>...

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Main Authors: Shitara Kenya, Iida Shigeru, Wakitani Masako, Inoue Miho, Mori Katsuhiro, Imai-Nishiya Harue, Satoh Mitsuo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2007-11-01
Series:BMC Biotechnology
Online Access:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/7/84
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spelling doaj-c8b36bfa172042fe9c9189edff4929052020-11-25T02:58:05ZengBMCBMC Biotechnology1472-67502007-11-01718410.1186/1472-6750-7-84Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCCShitara KenyaIida ShigeruWakitani MasakoInoue MihoMori KatsuhiroImai-Nishiya HarueSatoh Mitsuo<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is greatly enhanced by the absence of the core fucose of oligosaccharides attached to the Fc, and is closely related to the clinical efficacy of anticancer activity in humans <it>in vivo</it>. Unfortunately, all licensed therapeutic antibodies and almost all currently-developed therapeutic antibodies are heavily fucosylated and fail to optimize ADCC, which leads to a large dose requirement at a very high cost for the administration of antibody therapy to cancer patients. In this study, we explored the possibility of converting already-established antibody-producing cells to cells that produce antibodies fully lacking core fucosylation in order to facilitate the rapid development of next-generation therapeutic antibodies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Firstly, loss-of-function analyses using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against the three key genes involved in oligosaccharide fucose modification, i.e. α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>), GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>), and GDP-fucose transporter (<it>GFT</it>), revealed that single-gene knockdown of each target was insufficient to completely defucosylate the products in antibody-producing cells, even though the most effective siRNA (>90% depression of the target mRNA) was employed. Interestingly, beyond our expectations, synergistic effects of <it>FUT8 </it>and <it>GMD </it>siRNAs on the reduction in fucosylation were observed, but not when these were used in combination with <it>GFT </it>siRNA. Secondly, we successfully developed an effective short hairpin siRNA tandem expression vector that facilitated the double knockdown of <it>FUT8 </it>and <it>GMD</it>, and we converted antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to fully non-fucosylated antibody producers within two months, and with high converting frequency. Finally, the stable manufacture of fully non-fucosylated antibodies with enhanced ADCC was confirmed using the converted cells in serum-free fed-batch culture.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results suggest that FUT8 and GMD collaborate synergistically in the process of intracellular oligosaccharide fucosylation. We also demonstrated that double knockdown of <it>FUT8 </it>and <it>GMD </it>in antibody-producing cells could serve as a new strategy for producing next-generation therapeutic antibodies fully lacking core fucosylation and with enhanced ADCC. This approach offers tremendous cost- and time-sparing advantages for the development of next-generation therapeutic antibodies.</p> http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/7/84
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Shitara Kenya
Iida Shigeru
Wakitani Masako
Inoue Miho
Mori Katsuhiro
Imai-Nishiya Harue
Satoh Mitsuo
spellingShingle Shitara Kenya
Iida Shigeru
Wakitani Masako
Inoue Miho
Mori Katsuhiro
Imai-Nishiya Harue
Satoh Mitsuo
Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCC
BMC Biotechnology
author_facet Shitara Kenya
Iida Shigeru
Wakitani Masako
Inoue Miho
Mori Katsuhiro
Imai-Nishiya Harue
Satoh Mitsuo
author_sort Shitara Kenya
title Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCC
title_short Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCC
title_full Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCC
title_fullStr Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCC
title_full_unstemmed Double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>) and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced ADCC
title_sort double knockdown of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>fut8</it>) and gdp-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>gmd</it>) in antibody-producing cells: a new strategy for generating fully non-fucosylated therapeutic antibodies with enhanced adcc
publisher BMC
series BMC Biotechnology
issn 1472-6750
publishDate 2007-11-01
description <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is greatly enhanced by the absence of the core fucose of oligosaccharides attached to the Fc, and is closely related to the clinical efficacy of anticancer activity in humans <it>in vivo</it>. Unfortunately, all licensed therapeutic antibodies and almost all currently-developed therapeutic antibodies are heavily fucosylated and fail to optimize ADCC, which leads to a large dose requirement at a very high cost for the administration of antibody therapy to cancer patients. In this study, we explored the possibility of converting already-established antibody-producing cells to cells that produce antibodies fully lacking core fucosylation in order to facilitate the rapid development of next-generation therapeutic antibodies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Firstly, loss-of-function analyses using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against the three key genes involved in oligosaccharide fucose modification, i.e. α1,6-fucosyltransferase (<it>FUT8</it>), GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (<it>GMD</it>), and GDP-fucose transporter (<it>GFT</it>), revealed that single-gene knockdown of each target was insufficient to completely defucosylate the products in antibody-producing cells, even though the most effective siRNA (>90% depression of the target mRNA) was employed. Interestingly, beyond our expectations, synergistic effects of <it>FUT8 </it>and <it>GMD </it>siRNAs on the reduction in fucosylation were observed, but not when these were used in combination with <it>GFT </it>siRNA. Secondly, we successfully developed an effective short hairpin siRNA tandem expression vector that facilitated the double knockdown of <it>FUT8 </it>and <it>GMD</it>, and we converted antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to fully non-fucosylated antibody producers within two months, and with high converting frequency. Finally, the stable manufacture of fully non-fucosylated antibodies with enhanced ADCC was confirmed using the converted cells in serum-free fed-batch culture.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results suggest that FUT8 and GMD collaborate synergistically in the process of intracellular oligosaccharide fucosylation. We also demonstrated that double knockdown of <it>FUT8 </it>and <it>GMD </it>in antibody-producing cells could serve as a new strategy for producing next-generation therapeutic antibodies fully lacking core fucosylation and with enhanced ADCC. This approach offers tremendous cost- and time-sparing advantages for the development of next-generation therapeutic antibodies.</p>
url http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/7/84
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