| Summary: | In this era, energy and environmental sustainability is a priority in most African countries developmental agenda. The need for energy equity and security in Rwanda is a priority and thus this paper illustrate the current peat resources and their energy potential which can be mined to meet country vast energy requirements. Six hundred (600) peat samples were collected from eighteen peat bogs and all samples were subjected to proximate analyses respecting the procedures outlined by the Bureau of Indian Standard and American Society for Testing and Materials. The high moisture content (average 70.88%) is typical of peats (70%–90%). The total sulfur percentage values (average 0.49%) are generally medium for all samples. The gross calorific values of peat samples ranged from 2560 to 5350 Kcal/kg, with an average value of 3976 Kcal/kg. These values are moderately very high because typical dry peat has calorific values of 2000 Kcal/kg. Mashya displays the lowest value (19%) while the highest ash content (80%) is found in Kageyo. The average ash content in all studied location is 38%. The moisture content in all locations is slightly high ranging from 53% to 85%. Most of the peat deposits in Rwanda may be converted into energy based on the calorific value of all samples. Akanyaru, Mukindo, Gishoma, Mashya, Kaguhu, Mukindo and Nyirabirande are the most promising sites for peat mining. Keywords: Peat, Proximate analysis, Electrical power, Energy, Rwanda
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