| Summary: | Energy efficiency is a crucial issue in wireless body area networks where energyconstrained sensor nodes are employed. In this paper, an energy model for multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation based wireless body area network is proposed and its energy efficiency is investigated. To improve the energy efficiency further, Rate Optimized scheme and Optimum Energy Consumption using Receive Diversity scheme are proposed. In Rate Optimized scheme, the data rate is varied according to transmission distance to ensure minimum total energy consumption. The Optimum Energy Consumption using Receive Diversity scheme utilizes receive diversity along with rate optimization. The total energy consumption of the proposed schemes is analysed. An energy saving of 53.16% at a distance of 7 m is achieved by the Optimum Energy Consumption using Receive Diversity scheme over conventional fixed rate scheme. However, the total energy consumption is still higher than multi-level phase shift keying based wireless body area network. The proposed Optimum Energy Consumption using Receive Diversity scheme is extended to multi-level phase shift keying based wireless body area network and achieved an energy saving of 22.44% and 22.31% over conventional fixed rate and Rate Optimized scheme at a transmission distance of 2 m.
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