Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertime
<p>Refractory black carbon (BC) is a product of incomplete combustion of fossil fuel, biomass and biofuel, etc. By mixing with other species, BC can play significant roles in climate change, visibility impairment and human health. Such BC-containing particles in densely populated megacities li...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/447/2019/acp-19-447-2019.pdf |
| id |
doaj-c67d5213a4774281a026c1854df3a3b4 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
Article |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
J. Wang D. Liu X. Ge Y. Wu F. Shen M. Chen J. Zhao J. Zhao C. Xie C. Xie Q. Wang W. Xu W. Xu J. Zhang J. Hu J. Allan J. Allan R. Joshi P. Fu H. Coe Y. Sun Y. Sun |
| spellingShingle |
J. Wang D. Liu X. Ge Y. Wu F. Shen M. Chen J. Zhao J. Zhao C. Xie C. Xie Q. Wang W. Xu W. Xu J. Zhang J. Hu J. Allan J. Allan R. Joshi P. Fu H. Coe Y. Sun Y. Sun Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertime Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| author_facet |
J. Wang D. Liu X. Ge Y. Wu F. Shen M. Chen J. Zhao J. Zhao C. Xie C. Xie Q. Wang W. Xu W. Xu J. Zhang J. Hu J. Allan J. Allan R. Joshi P. Fu H. Coe Y. Sun Y. Sun |
| author_sort |
J. Wang |
| title |
Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertime |
| title_short |
Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertime |
| title_full |
Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertime |
| title_fullStr |
Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertime |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertime |
| title_sort |
characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in beijing during wintertime |
| publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
| series |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| issn |
1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
| description |
<p>Refractory black carbon (BC) is a product of incomplete combustion of fossil
fuel, biomass and biofuel, etc. By mixing with other species, BC can play
significant roles in climate change, visibility impairment and human health.
Such BC-containing particles in densely populated megacities like Beijing may
have specific sources and properties that are important to haze formation and
air quality. In this work, we exclusively characterized the BC-containing
particles in urban Beijing by using a laser-only Aerodyne soot particle
aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS), as part of the Atmospheric Pollution &
Human Health (APHH) 2016 winter campaign. The average mass ratio of coating
to BC core (<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i><sub>BC</sub>)</span> was found to be <span class="inline-formula">∼5.0</span>. Positive matrix
factorization shows the presence of significant primary fossil fuel and
biomass-burning organics (64 % of total organics). Yet secondary species,
including sulfate, nitrate and oxygenated organic aerosol (OA) species, could
have significant impacts on the properties of BC-containing particles,
especially for ones with larger BC core sizes and thicker coatings. Analyses
of sources and diurnal cycles of organic coating reveal significant afternoon
photochemical production of secondary OA (SOA), as well as nighttime aqueous
production of a portion of highly oxygenated OA. Besides SOA, photochemical
production of nitrate, not sulfate, appeared to be important. Further
investigations on BC-containing particles during different periods show that,
on average, more polluted periods would have more contributions from
secondary species and more thickly coated BC tended to associate with more
secondary species, indicating the important role of chemical aging to the
pollution of BC-containing particles in urban Beijing during wintertime.
However, for individual pollution events, primary species (fossil fuel, coal
and biomass-burning emissions) could also play a dominant role, as revealed
by the compositions of BC-containing particles in two polluted episodes during the
sampling period.</p> |
| url |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/447/2019/acp-19-447-2019.pdf |
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doaj-c67d5213a4774281a026c1854df3a3b42020-11-24T22:22:42ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242019-01-011944745810.5194/acp-19-447-2019Characterization of black carbon-containing fine particles in Beijing during wintertimeJ. Wang0D. Liu1X. Ge2Y. Wu3F. Shen4M. Chen5J. Zhao6J. Zhao7C. Xie8C. Xie9Q. Wang10W. Xu11W. Xu12J. Zhang13J. Hu14J. Allan15J. Allan16R. Joshi17P. Fu18H. Coe19Y. Sun20Y. Sun21Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UKJiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaAtmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, NY 12203, USAJiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UKNational Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UKSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UKState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UKState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China<p>Refractory black carbon (BC) is a product of incomplete combustion of fossil fuel, biomass and biofuel, etc. By mixing with other species, BC can play significant roles in climate change, visibility impairment and human health. Such BC-containing particles in densely populated megacities like Beijing may have specific sources and properties that are important to haze formation and air quality. In this work, we exclusively characterized the BC-containing particles in urban Beijing by using a laser-only Aerodyne soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS), as part of the Atmospheric Pollution & Human Health (APHH) 2016 winter campaign. The average mass ratio of coating to BC core (<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i><sub>BC</sub>)</span> was found to be <span class="inline-formula">∼5.0</span>. Positive matrix factorization shows the presence of significant primary fossil fuel and biomass-burning organics (64 % of total organics). Yet secondary species, including sulfate, nitrate and oxygenated organic aerosol (OA) species, could have significant impacts on the properties of BC-containing particles, especially for ones with larger BC core sizes and thicker coatings. Analyses of sources and diurnal cycles of organic coating reveal significant afternoon photochemical production of secondary OA (SOA), as well as nighttime aqueous production of a portion of highly oxygenated OA. Besides SOA, photochemical production of nitrate, not sulfate, appeared to be important. Further investigations on BC-containing particles during different periods show that, on average, more polluted periods would have more contributions from secondary species and more thickly coated BC tended to associate with more secondary species, indicating the important role of chemical aging to the pollution of BC-containing particles in urban Beijing during wintertime. However, for individual pollution events, primary species (fossil fuel, coal and biomass-burning emissions) could also play a dominant role, as revealed by the compositions of BC-containing particles in two polluted episodes during the sampling period.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/447/2019/acp-19-447-2019.pdf |