METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE STABILITY OF WINTER TRITICALE TO DRY CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS PIEDMONT

• Main Authors: I.R. Manukyan, M.A. Basieva, E.S. Miroshnikova, V.I. Gasiev, T.S. Abiyev
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Editorial and publishing department of FSBEE HE Penza SAU 2020-06-01
• Series: Volga Region Farmland
• Subjects: winter triticale; breeding indices; drought resistance; adaptability; stress resistance
• Online Access: https://niva-volga.ru/file/vipuski/2020_2_55/en/2020_2_6_en_17-20.pdf
• ISSN: 2686-7672; 2713-198X

The North Caucasus region produces a fifth of the grain in Russia. Frequent droughts do not allow stable high yields of winter triticale in this region. Their probability is 25-50%. In addition, almost every year in the second half of the growing season, winter grain crops experience a negative effect of moisture deficiency. The main condition for overcoming the negative impact of adverse environmental factors is the creation and introduction of highly productive and adapted to local conditions varieties into production. The article presents the results of laboratory and field studies of the breeding material of winter triticale for drought resistance and productivity. Determination of plant resistance to moisture deficiency was carried out by the ability of seeds to germinate on highly osmotic solutions of sucrose. Assessment of drought resistance in the field was carried out by the productivity of varieties, in different years of moisture availability, using various statistical methods. According to the results of studies, the relative drought resistance and stable productivity were characterized by the varieties: Grenado, Gor, PRAG 506. The most informative and objective methods for assessing breeding material for drought resistance are recommended. These include: the laboratory method of seed germination on osmotic solutions of sucrose and a direct method for calculating drought resistance by the plant productivity index.