Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) Layers
The substitution of petroleum-based polymers with naturally derived biopolymers may be a good alternative for the conservation of natural fossil resources and the alleviation of pollution and waste disposal problems. However, in order to be used in a wide range of applications, some biopolymers’ pro...
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doaj-c27d18881cef48109abc59c52a94b3e12020-11-25T02:53:12ZengMDPI AGC2311-56292020-07-016515110.3390/c6030051Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) LayersTorben Schlebrowski0Zineb Kassab1Mounir El Achaby2Stefan Wehner3Christian B. Fischer4Department of Physics, University Koblenz-Landau, 56070 Koblenz, GermanyMaterials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben Guerir, MoroccoMaterials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben Guerir, MoroccoDepartment of Physics, University Koblenz-Landau, 56070 Koblenz, GermanyDepartment of Physics, University Koblenz-Landau, 56070 Koblenz, GermanyThe substitution of petroleum-based polymers with naturally derived biopolymers may be a good alternative for the conservation of natural fossil resources and the alleviation of pollution and waste disposal problems. However, in order to be used in a wide range of applications, some biopolymers’ properties should be enhanced. In this study, biocompatible, non-toxic, and biodegradable chitosan (CS) film and CS reinforced with 10 wt% of cellulose nanocrystals (CN–CS) were coated with amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers (a–C:H) of different thickness. To investigate the effect of the nano-reinforcement on the a–C:H layer applied, mild radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) was used to coat the CS and its CN–CS bio-nanocomposite film. Both the surface characteristics and the chemical composition were analyzed. The surface morphology and wettability were examined by ex-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements (CA), respectively. Hereby, the relationship between sp<sup>2</sup>/sp<sup>3</sup> ratios on a macroscopic scale was also evaluated. For the investigation of the chemical composition, the surface sensitive synchrotron X-ray radiation techniques near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) were used.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/6/3/51cellulose microfibersbio-nanocomposite filmradio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor depositionsynchrotron-based analyticssp<sup>2</sup>/sp<sup>3</sup> ratiosubstrate effects |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Torben Schlebrowski Zineb Kassab Mounir El Achaby Stefan Wehner Christian B. Fischer |
spellingShingle |
Torben Schlebrowski Zineb Kassab Mounir El Achaby Stefan Wehner Christian B. Fischer Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) Layers C cellulose microfibers bio-nanocomposite film radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition synchrotron-based analytics sp<sup>2</sup>/sp<sup>3</sup> ratio substrate effects |
author_facet |
Torben Schlebrowski Zineb Kassab Mounir El Achaby Stefan Wehner Christian B. Fischer |
author_sort |
Torben Schlebrowski |
title |
Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) Layers |
title_short |
Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) Layers |
title_full |
Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) Layers |
title_fullStr |
Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) Layers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Coating of Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Using Plasma-Mediated Deposition of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon (a–C:H) Layers |
title_sort |
effect of cellulose nanocrystals on the coating of chitosan nanocomposite film using plasma-mediated deposition of amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a–c:h) layers |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
C |
issn |
2311-5629 |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
The substitution of petroleum-based polymers with naturally derived biopolymers may be a good alternative for the conservation of natural fossil resources and the alleviation of pollution and waste disposal problems. However, in order to be used in a wide range of applications, some biopolymers’ properties should be enhanced. In this study, biocompatible, non-toxic, and biodegradable chitosan (CS) film and CS reinforced with 10 wt% of cellulose nanocrystals (CN–CS) were coated with amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers (a–C:H) of different thickness. To investigate the effect of the nano-reinforcement on the a–C:H layer applied, mild radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) was used to coat the CS and its CN–CS bio-nanocomposite film. Both the surface characteristics and the chemical composition were analyzed. The surface morphology and wettability were examined by ex-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements (CA), respectively. Hereby, the relationship between sp<sup>2</sup>/sp<sup>3</sup> ratios on a macroscopic scale was also evaluated. For the investigation of the chemical composition, the surface sensitive synchrotron X-ray radiation techniques near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) were used. |
topic |
cellulose microfibers bio-nanocomposite film radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition synchrotron-based analytics sp<sup>2</sup>/sp<sup>3</sup> ratio substrate effects |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/6/3/51 |
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