A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas

Connectivity between populations shapes the genetic structure of species being crucial for an effective management of environmental resources. Genetic approaches can provide indirect measures of connectivity, allowing the identification of genetically differentiated – unconnected – populations. In t...

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Main Authors: Marta Paterno, Levent Bat, Jamila Ben Souissi, Elisa Boscari, Aurore Chassanite, Leonardo Congiu, Giuseppe Guarnieri, Claudia Kruschel, Vesna Mačić, Ilaria Anna Maria Marino, Dragos Micu, Nataliya Milchakova, Marina Panayotova, Chiara Papetti, Serge Planes, Stefan Strungaru, Valentina Ruseva Todorova, Emanuela Voutsinas, Lorenzo Zane
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-10-01
Series:Frontiers in Marine Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00566/full
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author Marta Paterno
Marta Paterno
Marta Paterno
Levent Bat
Jamila Ben Souissi
Jamila Ben Souissi
Elisa Boscari
Elisa Boscari
Aurore Chassanite
Leonardo Congiu
Leonardo Congiu
Giuseppe Guarnieri
Giuseppe Guarnieri
Claudia Kruschel
Vesna Mačić
Ilaria Anna Maria Marino
Ilaria Anna Maria Marino
Dragos Micu
Nataliya Milchakova
Marina Panayotova
Chiara Papetti
Chiara Papetti
Serge Planes
Stefan Strungaru
Valentina Ruseva Todorova
Emanuela Voutsinas
Lorenzo Zane
Lorenzo Zane
spellingShingle Marta Paterno
Marta Paterno
Marta Paterno
Levent Bat
Jamila Ben Souissi
Jamila Ben Souissi
Elisa Boscari
Elisa Boscari
Aurore Chassanite
Leonardo Congiu
Leonardo Congiu
Giuseppe Guarnieri
Giuseppe Guarnieri
Claudia Kruschel
Vesna Mačić
Ilaria Anna Maria Marino
Ilaria Anna Maria Marino
Dragos Micu
Nataliya Milchakova
Marina Panayotova
Chiara Papetti
Chiara Papetti
Serge Planes
Stefan Strungaru
Valentina Ruseva Todorova
Emanuela Voutsinas
Lorenzo Zane
Lorenzo Zane
A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas
Frontiers in Marine Science
connectivity
mussel
population genomics
2b-RAD
SNP markers
Mediterranean
author_facet Marta Paterno
Marta Paterno
Marta Paterno
Levent Bat
Jamila Ben Souissi
Jamila Ben Souissi
Elisa Boscari
Elisa Boscari
Aurore Chassanite
Leonardo Congiu
Leonardo Congiu
Giuseppe Guarnieri
Giuseppe Guarnieri
Claudia Kruschel
Vesna Mačić
Ilaria Anna Maria Marino
Ilaria Anna Maria Marino
Dragos Micu
Nataliya Milchakova
Marina Panayotova
Chiara Papetti
Chiara Papetti
Serge Planes
Stefan Strungaru
Valentina Ruseva Todorova
Emanuela Voutsinas
Lorenzo Zane
Lorenzo Zane
author_sort Marta Paterno
title A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas
title_short A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas
title_full A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas
title_fullStr A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas
title_full_unstemmed A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas
title_sort genome-wide approach to the phylogeography of the mussel mytilus galloprovincialis in the adriatic and the black seas
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Marine Science
issn 2296-7745
publishDate 2019-10-01
description Connectivity between populations shapes the genetic structure of species being crucial for an effective management of environmental resources. Genetic approaches can provide indirect measures of connectivity, allowing the identification of genetically differentiated – unconnected – populations. In this study, we applied a 2b-RAD approach based on hundreds of polymorphic loci to provide the first detailed insight into the population genomics of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in part of its native geographical range. We sampled 19 localities within the Mediterranean and Black Seas, and analyzed a total of 478 samples. We detected strong differences between the two seas, whereas no differences were found between samples from the Western and Central Mediterranean and within Western Mediterranean samples. In the Central Mediterranean a significant differentiation emerged comparing Central Adriatic samples with those from South Adriatic and Ionian Seas. Furthermore, an East-to-West genetic structuring was found in the Central Adriatic Sea, which was not present in the Southern Adriatic and Ionian Seas. These results possibly reflect the local oceanography, with a Middle Adriatic gyre unable to prevent genetic differentiation in this species, and a Southern Adriatic gyre that effectively mixes propagules in Southern areas. In the Black Sea, no signal of genetic structure was found, although samples were spaced at similar distances as in the Adriatic-Ionian area. Genetic connectivity patterns of M. galloprovincialis reveal peculiar species-specific features respect to other species with similar larval duration, suggesting caution in using genetic connectivity data of single species in defining conservation units. We recommend of using genetic connectivity data of many species representing a variety of life history traits, and we call for new investigations using high resolution population genomics, particularly in the Black Sea, to understand if areas separated by hundreds of kilometers can be considered genetically connected as mussels’ data suggest. This information will be critical to ensure “a well-connected system of protected areas” according to Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
topic connectivity
mussel
population genomics
2b-RAD
SNP markers
Mediterranean
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00566/full
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spelling doaj-c0dc688435ee4f29b6419d4d8413d0d62020-11-24T21:17:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452019-10-01610.3389/fmars.2019.00566469014A Genome-Wide Approach to the Phylogeography of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black SeasMarta Paterno0Marta Paterno1Marta Paterno2Levent Bat3Jamila Ben Souissi4Jamila Ben Souissi5Elisa Boscari6Elisa Boscari7Aurore Chassanite8Leonardo Congiu9Leonardo Congiu10Giuseppe Guarnieri11Giuseppe Guarnieri12Claudia Kruschel13Vesna Mačić14Ilaria Anna Maria Marino15Ilaria Anna Maria Marino16Dragos Micu17Nataliya Milchakova18Marina Panayotova19Chiara Papetti20Chiara Papetti21Serge Planes22Stefan Strungaru23Valentina Ruseva Todorova24Emanuela Voutsinas25Lorenzo Zane26Lorenzo Zane27Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, ItalyFunctional Genomics Center, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hydrobiology, Fisheries Faculty, Sinop University, Sinop, TurkeyInstitut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Université de Carthage, Tunis, TunisiaLaboratoire de Biodiversité, Biotechnologie et Changement Climatique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, TunisiaDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, ItalyUSR 3278 CNRS-EPHE, CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, FranceDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia0Institute of Marine Biology, University of Montenegro, Kotor, MontenegroDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy1Romanian Waters National Authority, Dobrogea-Black Sea Basin Administration, Constanta, Romania2Institute of Marine Biological Research, Sevastopol, Russia3Institute of Oceanology (IO-BAS), Varna, BulgariaDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, ItalyUSR 3278 CNRS-EPHE, CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France4Faculty of Biology, Alexandro Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania3Institute of Oceanology (IO-BAS), Varna, Bulgaria5Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavyssos, GreeceDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, ItalyConnectivity between populations shapes the genetic structure of species being crucial for an effective management of environmental resources. Genetic approaches can provide indirect measures of connectivity, allowing the identification of genetically differentiated – unconnected – populations. In this study, we applied a 2b-RAD approach based on hundreds of polymorphic loci to provide the first detailed insight into the population genomics of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in part of its native geographical range. We sampled 19 localities within the Mediterranean and Black Seas, and analyzed a total of 478 samples. We detected strong differences between the two seas, whereas no differences were found between samples from the Western and Central Mediterranean and within Western Mediterranean samples. In the Central Mediterranean a significant differentiation emerged comparing Central Adriatic samples with those from South Adriatic and Ionian Seas. Furthermore, an East-to-West genetic structuring was found in the Central Adriatic Sea, which was not present in the Southern Adriatic and Ionian Seas. These results possibly reflect the local oceanography, with a Middle Adriatic gyre unable to prevent genetic differentiation in this species, and a Southern Adriatic gyre that effectively mixes propagules in Southern areas. In the Black Sea, no signal of genetic structure was found, although samples were spaced at similar distances as in the Adriatic-Ionian area. Genetic connectivity patterns of M. galloprovincialis reveal peculiar species-specific features respect to other species with similar larval duration, suggesting caution in using genetic connectivity data of single species in defining conservation units. We recommend of using genetic connectivity data of many species representing a variety of life history traits, and we call for new investigations using high resolution population genomics, particularly in the Black Sea, to understand if areas separated by hundreds of kilometers can be considered genetically connected as mussels’ data suggest. This information will be critical to ensure “a well-connected system of protected areas” according to Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00566/fullconnectivitymusselpopulation genomics2b-RADSNP markersMediterranean