Il Partito Comunista Italiano e De Sanctis negli anni Cinquanta. Classe operaia ed egemonia nazionale1

• Main Author: Umberto Carpi
• Format: Article
• Language: Catalan
• Published: Swervei de publicacions 2011-11-01
• Series: Quaderns d'Italià
• Subjects: de sanctis; labriola; croce; gramsci; risorgimento
• Online Access: https://revistes.uab.cat/quadernsitalia/article/view/296

In the second post-war period the Italian Communist Party, under the guidance of Palmiro Togliatti and in the light of the <em>Quaderni</em> written in prison by Antonio Gramsci (in particular the notes about the Risorgimento, the role of the intellectuals, and his concept of hegemony) poses a great battle for the conquest of cultural hegemony. The main purpose was to challenge the prevalent influence of Benedetto Croce and his interpretation of the Risorgimento, replacing precisely that of Gramsci and taking the working class and his party as the true heritage of the best lay-democratic tradition of the Risorgimento itself, the tradition of Bertrando Spaventa, of Francesco De Sanctis, and Antonio Labriola. The subject of this bitter confrontation between liberals and Marxists, to be found in the daily papers and in academic journals, becomes in the Fifties Francesco De Sanctis, according to the classic dilemma <em>De Sanctis-Croce</em> o <em>De Sanctis-Gramsci</em>? Closely related to it, albeit occurring before this, is the discussion by the Marxist philosopher Antonio Labriola. A true and peculiar ‘battle of ideas’ in which all politicians and intellectuals participated.