| Summary: | Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that carry a high mortality. The study aims to investigate the effect of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 polymorphisms on risk and pattern of HCC in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis. Results The mean age of the HCC group was 56.21 ± 4.62 years and 54.27 ± 7.63 years for the cirrhotic group. The GG genotype of TNF-ɑ and TT genotype of IL-10 showed a higher incidence of HCC in comparison to the cirrhotic group with P = 0.01 and 0.004. On the calculation of the aggressiveness index (AgI), the TT haplotype was significantly associated with more aggressive tumours in contrast to the other haplotypes with P < 0.001. There is a significant association of portal vein thrombosis, ascites and high AgI with the GG haplotype in contrast to the other haplotypes with P = 0.002, 0.029 and < 0.001, respectively, as regards TNF-α. High AgI (C) was associated with the TT haplotype of IL-10 and GG haplotype of TNF-ɑ. Conclusion Our data bring an essential association of IL-10 and TNF polymorphism with the occurrence of HCC in patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis. The GG haplotype of TNF-ɑ and TT/AT haplotype of IL-10 are associated with the more aggressive pattern of HCC, so those patients must be treated as early as possible.
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