Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nm

Optical fiber characterization using whispering gallery mode resonances of the fiber itself has been demonstrated to be a powerful technique. In this work, we exploit the thermal sensitivity of whispering gallery mode resonances to characterize the pump-induced temperature increment in holmium doped...

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Main Authors: Xavier Roselló-Mechó, Martina Delgado-Pinar, Yuri O. Barmenkov, Alexander V. Kir’yanov, Miguel V. Andrés
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-03-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/2094
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spelling doaj-be7d3c2e94dc4d238fe4b0060fdac07b2021-03-18T00:00:49ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-03-01212094209410.3390/s21062094Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nmXavier Roselló-Mechó0Martina Delgado-Pinar1Yuri O. Barmenkov2Alexander V. Kir’yanov3Miguel V. Andrés4Department of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism-ICMUV, University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartment of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism-ICMUV, University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, SpainPhotonics Department, Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, Loma del Bosque 115, León 37150, MexicoPhotonics Department, Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, Loma del Bosque 115, León 37150, MexicoDepartment of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism-ICMUV, University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, SpainOptical fiber characterization using whispering gallery mode resonances of the fiber itself has been demonstrated to be a powerful technique. In this work, we exploit the thermal sensitivity of whispering gallery mode resonances to characterize the pump-induced temperature increment in holmium doped and holmium-ytterbium codoped optical fibers. The technique relies on the measurement of the resonances’ wavelength shift due to temperature variation as a function of the pump power. Holmium doped fibers were pumped to the second excited level <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>5</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>I<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> of the Ho<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> ion using a laser diode at 1125 nm and ytterbium-holmium codoped fibers to the <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>F<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> level of the Yb<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> ion by a laser diode at 975 nm. Our results demonstrate that pumping ytterbium-holmium codoped fibers at 975 nm results in dramatic thermal effects, producing a temperature increment two orders higher than that observed in holmium doped fibers pumped with a 1125 nm laser diode.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/2094whispering gallery modesholmiumytterbiumdoped fibersfiber characterization2 μm fiber lasers
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Xavier Roselló-Mechó
Martina Delgado-Pinar
Yuri O. Barmenkov
Alexander V. Kir’yanov
Miguel V. Andrés
spellingShingle Xavier Roselló-Mechó
Martina Delgado-Pinar
Yuri O. Barmenkov
Alexander V. Kir’yanov
Miguel V. Andrés
Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nm
Sensors
whispering gallery modes
holmium
ytterbium
doped fibers
fiber characterization
2 μm fiber lasers
author_facet Xavier Roselló-Mechó
Martina Delgado-Pinar
Yuri O. Barmenkov
Alexander V. Kir’yanov
Miguel V. Andrés
author_sort Xavier Roselló-Mechó
title Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nm
title_short Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nm
title_full Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nm
title_fullStr Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nm
title_full_unstemmed Application of WGM Resonances to the Measurement of the Temperature Increment of Ho and Ho-Yb Doped Optical Fibers Pumped at 1125 and 975 nm
title_sort application of wgm resonances to the measurement of the temperature increment of ho and ho-yb doped optical fibers pumped at 1125 and 975 nm
publisher MDPI AG
series Sensors
issn 1424-8220
publishDate 2021-03-01
description Optical fiber characterization using whispering gallery mode resonances of the fiber itself has been demonstrated to be a powerful technique. In this work, we exploit the thermal sensitivity of whispering gallery mode resonances to characterize the pump-induced temperature increment in holmium doped and holmium-ytterbium codoped optical fibers. The technique relies on the measurement of the resonances’ wavelength shift due to temperature variation as a function of the pump power. Holmium doped fibers were pumped to the second excited level <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>5</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>I<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> of the Ho<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> ion using a laser diode at 1125 nm and ytterbium-holmium codoped fibers to the <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>F<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> level of the Yb<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> ion by a laser diode at 975 nm. Our results demonstrate that pumping ytterbium-holmium codoped fibers at 975 nm results in dramatic thermal effects, producing a temperature increment two orders higher than that observed in holmium doped fibers pumped with a 1125 nm laser diode.
topic whispering gallery modes
holmium
ytterbium
doped fibers
fiber characterization
2 μm fiber lasers
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/2094
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