| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The ability of mosquitoes of the genus <it>Aedes </it>and its allies, such as <it>Stegomyia</it>, to transmit diseases such as dengue and yellow fever, makes them important in public health. This study aims to evaluate the use of the essential oil of Brazilian pepper in biological control of by assessing and quantifying the larvicidal effect against <it>S. aegypti</it>, the only available access to dengue control, and test its risk of genotoxicity with <it>Salmonella typhimurium </it>as an indicator of safety for its environmental use.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The density of the oil was 0.8622 g mL<sup>-1</sup>. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry revealed six major constituents: δ-3-carene (55.43%), α-pinene (16.25%), sylvestrene (10.67%), germacrene D (2.17), β-myrcene (1.99%), and isoterpinolene (1.4%). The minimum inhibitory dose to larvae development was 862.20 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>. The median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) of the essential oil for larvae was between the concentrations of 172.44-344.88 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>. There was no mutagenic risk for the essential oil, since there were no biochemical or morphological changes in <it>S. typhimurium </it>after exposure to the essential oil.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The minimum inhibitory essential oil concentration and the median lethal dose pointed to the value of the use of water dispersions of Brazilian pepper essential oil as an environmental safe natural larvicidal for <it>S. aegypti</it>.</p>
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