Radar-to-Lidar: Heterogeneous Place Recognition via Joint Learning

• Main Authors: Huan Yin, Xuecheng Xu, Yue Wang, Rong Xiong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-01
• Series: Frontiers in Robotics and AI
• Subjects: radar; lidar; heterogeneous measurements; place recognition; deep neural network; mobile robot
• Online Access: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2021.661199/full

Place recognition is critical for both offline mapping and online localization. However, current single-sensor based place recognition still remains challenging in adverse conditions. In this paper, a heterogeneous measurement based framework is proposed for long-term place recognition, which retrieves the query radar scans from the existing lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) maps. To achieve this, a deep neural network is built with joint training in the learning stage, and then in the testing stage, shared embeddings of radar and lidar are extracted for heterogeneous place recognition. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conducted tests and generalization experiments on the multi-session public datasets and compared them to other competitive methods. The experimental results indicate that our model is able to perform multiple place recognitions: lidar-to-lidar (L2L), radar-to-radar (R2R), and radar-to-lidar (R2L), while the learned model is trained only once. We also release the source code publicly: https://github.com/ZJUYH/radar-to-lidar-place-recognition.