Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation (NOAC) in patients with previous stroke and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in primary and secondary stroke prevention settings. Meth...

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Main Authors: Luís Paiva, José Coelho, Sérgio Barra, Marco Costa, João Sargento-Freitas, Luís Cunha, Lino Gonçalves
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2021-05-01
Series:Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0870255121001062
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author Luís Paiva
José Coelho
Sérgio Barra
Marco Costa
João Sargento-Freitas
Luís Cunha
Lino Gonçalves
spellingShingle Luís Paiva
José Coelho
Sérgio Barra
Marco Costa
João Sargento-Freitas
Luís Cunha
Lino Gonçalves
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke
Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Apêndice auricular esquerdo
Oclusão
Antiplaquetários
Anticoagulação oral
author_facet Luís Paiva
José Coelho
Sérgio Barra
Marco Costa
João Sargento-Freitas
Luís Cunha
Lino Gonçalves
author_sort Luís Paiva
title Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke
title_short Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke
title_full Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke
title_fullStr Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke
title_full_unstemmed Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke
title_sort non-vitamin k antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic stroke
publisher Elsevier
series Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
issn 0870-2551
publishDate 2021-05-01
description Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation (NOAC) in patients with previous stroke and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in primary and secondary stroke prevention settings. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, non-randomized cohort study of 302 consecutive patients with non-valvular AF and at high risk for stroke. Two treatment strategies were compared: LAAO (n=91) and long-term treatment with NOAC (n=149). The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of death, stroke and major bleeding. Propensity score and cause-of-death analyses were performed to compare outcomes. Results: In a mean follow-up of 13 months, there were 30 deaths (LAAO 8.8% vs. NOAC 14.8%), five strokes (LAAO 1.1% vs. NOAC 2.7%) and six major bleeds (LAAO 1.1% vs. NOAC 3.4%). There was a non-significant trend for a lower incidence of the primary endpoint in the LAAO group (11.0% vs. 20.9%; HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-1.05, p=0.064). Considering only secondary prevention LAAO patients (34.1% of the LAAO group), there was also a non-significant lower incidence of the primary endpoint (LAAO 6.5% vs. 20.9%; HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.07-1.39, p=0.12). While about a fifth of LAAO patients stopped antiplatelet treatment six months after device implantation due to recurrent minor bleeding, no adverse cardiovascular event or major bleeding occurred in this subset of patients. Conclusion: In this registry-based study, LAAO was a reasonable alternative to NOAC for the prevention of a composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, stroke and major bleeding in patients at high risk for stroke. Resumo: Introdução: Este estudo pretende comparar o desempenho dos anticoagulantes orais não antagonistas da vitamina K (NOAC) em doentes com fibrilhação auricular (FA) não valvular e antecedente de acidente cerebrovascular (AVC) isquémico, em comparação com o encerramento de apêndice auricular esquerdo (AAE) de doentes em prevenção primária e secundária de AVC. Métodos: Estudo unicêntrico, prospetivo, não randomizado, de coorte, constituído por uma amostra de 302 doentes com FA não valvular e elevado risco de AVC. Foram comparadas duas estratégias terapêutica: encerramento de AAE (n = 91) versus tratamento com NOAC (n = 149), através do modelo de propensity score. O desfecho primário era composto por morte, AVC e hemorragia major. Resultados: O seguimento clínico médio foi de 13 meses, tendo ocorrido 30 mortes (AAE 8,8% versus NOAC 14,8%), 5 AVC (AAE 1,1% versus NOAC 2,7%) e seis hemorragias graves (AAE 1,1% versus NOAC 3,4%). A incidência do desfecho primário mostrou uma redução não significativa no grupo do dispositivo (11,0% versus 20,9%; HR 0,42, 95% CI 0,17-1,05, p = 0,064). Considerando apenas os doentes em prevenção secundária de AVC (34,1% do grupo de AAE), a incidência do desfecho primário mostrou uma redução não significativa (AAE 6,5% versus 20,9%; HR 0,30, 95% CI 0,07–1,39, p = 0,12). Nos cerca de 20% dos doentes submetidos ao encerramento do AAE que suspenderam a terapêutica antiplaquetária após seis meses da implantação do dispositivo por hemorragias minor, não houve eventos cardiovasculares ou hemorragias graves. Conclusão: Neste estudo, o encerramento de AAE não foi inferior aos NOAC para prevenção do desfecho primário composto por morte, AVC e hemorragia major.
topic Apêndice auricular esquerdo
Oclusão
Antiplaquetários
Anticoagulação oral
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0870255121001062
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spelling doaj-bda3218980af4418a8fd280491d83ce52021-05-02T05:53:05ZengElsevierRevista Portuguesa de Cardiologia0870-25512021-05-01405357365Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation versus left atrial appendage occlusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention after cardioembolic strokeLuís Paiva0José Coelho1Sérgio Barra2Marco Costa3João Sargento-Freitas4Luís Cunha5Lino Gonçalves6Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Corresponding author.Serviço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalCardiology Department, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Hospital da Arrábida, Vila Nova de Gaia, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalServiço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalServiço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalServiço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalIntroduction: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation (NOAC) in patients with previous stroke and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in primary and secondary stroke prevention settings. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, non-randomized cohort study of 302 consecutive patients with non-valvular AF and at high risk for stroke. Two treatment strategies were compared: LAAO (n=91) and long-term treatment with NOAC (n=149). The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of death, stroke and major bleeding. Propensity score and cause-of-death analyses were performed to compare outcomes. Results: In a mean follow-up of 13 months, there were 30 deaths (LAAO 8.8% vs. NOAC 14.8%), five strokes (LAAO 1.1% vs. NOAC 2.7%) and six major bleeds (LAAO 1.1% vs. NOAC 3.4%). There was a non-significant trend for a lower incidence of the primary endpoint in the LAAO group (11.0% vs. 20.9%; HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-1.05, p=0.064). Considering only secondary prevention LAAO patients (34.1% of the LAAO group), there was also a non-significant lower incidence of the primary endpoint (LAAO 6.5% vs. 20.9%; HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.07-1.39, p=0.12). While about a fifth of LAAO patients stopped antiplatelet treatment six months after device implantation due to recurrent minor bleeding, no adverse cardiovascular event or major bleeding occurred in this subset of patients. Conclusion: In this registry-based study, LAAO was a reasonable alternative to NOAC for the prevention of a composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, stroke and major bleeding in patients at high risk for stroke. Resumo: Introdução: Este estudo pretende comparar o desempenho dos anticoagulantes orais não antagonistas da vitamina K (NOAC) em doentes com fibrilhação auricular (FA) não valvular e antecedente de acidente cerebrovascular (AVC) isquémico, em comparação com o encerramento de apêndice auricular esquerdo (AAE) de doentes em prevenção primária e secundária de AVC. Métodos: Estudo unicêntrico, prospetivo, não randomizado, de coorte, constituído por uma amostra de 302 doentes com FA não valvular e elevado risco de AVC. Foram comparadas duas estratégias terapêutica: encerramento de AAE (n = 91) versus tratamento com NOAC (n = 149), através do modelo de propensity score. O desfecho primário era composto por morte, AVC e hemorragia major. Resultados: O seguimento clínico médio foi de 13 meses, tendo ocorrido 30 mortes (AAE 8,8% versus NOAC 14,8%), 5 AVC (AAE 1,1% versus NOAC 2,7%) e seis hemorragias graves (AAE 1,1% versus NOAC 3,4%). A incidência do desfecho primário mostrou uma redução não significativa no grupo do dispositivo (11,0% versus 20,9%; HR 0,42, 95% CI 0,17-1,05, p = 0,064). Considerando apenas os doentes em prevenção secundária de AVC (34,1% do grupo de AAE), a incidência do desfecho primário mostrou uma redução não significativa (AAE 6,5% versus 20,9%; HR 0,30, 95% CI 0,07–1,39, p = 0,12). Nos cerca de 20% dos doentes submetidos ao encerramento do AAE que suspenderam a terapêutica antiplaquetária após seis meses da implantação do dispositivo por hemorragias minor, não houve eventos cardiovasculares ou hemorragias graves. Conclusão: Neste estudo, o encerramento de AAE não foi inferior aos NOAC para prevenção do desfecho primário composto por morte, AVC e hemorragia major.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0870255121001062Apêndice auricular esquerdoOclusãoAntiplaquetáriosAnticoagulação oral