Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats

Introduction: Memory deficit is an important issue in some psychiatric diseases either as a primary symptom or as a comorbid symptom. Factors that determine the decline or improvement of memory are an important subject to reduce the severity of these diseases. Methods and materials: In this study, 3...

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Main Authors: Hamidreza Famitafreshi, Morteza Karimian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2018-12-01
Series:Journal of Experimental Neuroscience
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069518820323
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spelling doaj-bd70ccaf99b948c4bbb4073d3a76da4c2020-11-25T02:34:07ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Experimental Neuroscience1179-06952018-12-011210.1177/1179069518820323Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male RatsHamidreza FamitafreshiMorteza KarimianIntroduction: Memory deficit is an important issue in some psychiatric diseases either as a primary symptom or as a comorbid symptom. Factors that determine the decline or improvement of memory are an important subject to reduce the severity of these diseases. Methods and materials: In this study, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups: social (control), isolation, resocialization for 3 days, and resocialization for 7 days. Isolation occurred for 14 days. Resocialization groups were resocialized for 3 or 7 days after isolation. In the social group, there was no intervention with normal socializing among the rats. In the isolation group, rats were isolated with no resocialization. In all 4 groups, after performing the Y-maze, the rats’ brains were removed to assess oxidative stress status in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Results: Y-maze performance improved after 3 and 7 days of resocialization. However, oxidative stress status for malondialdehyde, glutathione and nitrite/nitrate returned to normal levels except in 2 experiments after 7 days of resocialization. In addition, in 2 experiments, just glutathione in the prefrontal cortex and nitrite/nitrate in the hippocampus after 3 days of resocialization improved. Conclusions: A return to normal levels in all types of antioxidant markers in the resocialization groups is not the only factor for improving memory deficits resulting from isolation. Resocialization may also be activating other regulatory mechanisms besides an antioxidant defense.https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069518820323
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Hamidreza Famitafreshi
Morteza Karimian
spellingShingle Hamidreza Famitafreshi
Morteza Karimian
Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats
Journal of Experimental Neuroscience
author_facet Hamidreza Famitafreshi
Morteza Karimian
author_sort Hamidreza Famitafreshi
title Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats
title_short Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats
title_full Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats
title_fullStr Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats
title_sort assessment of improvement in oxidative stress indices with resocialization in memory retrieval in y-maze in male rats
publisher SAGE Publishing
series Journal of Experimental Neuroscience
issn 1179-0695
publishDate 2018-12-01
description Introduction: Memory deficit is an important issue in some psychiatric diseases either as a primary symptom or as a comorbid symptom. Factors that determine the decline or improvement of memory are an important subject to reduce the severity of these diseases. Methods and materials: In this study, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups: social (control), isolation, resocialization for 3 days, and resocialization for 7 days. Isolation occurred for 14 days. Resocialization groups were resocialized for 3 or 7 days after isolation. In the social group, there was no intervention with normal socializing among the rats. In the isolation group, rats were isolated with no resocialization. In all 4 groups, after performing the Y-maze, the rats’ brains were removed to assess oxidative stress status in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Results: Y-maze performance improved after 3 and 7 days of resocialization. However, oxidative stress status for malondialdehyde, glutathione and nitrite/nitrate returned to normal levels except in 2 experiments after 7 days of resocialization. In addition, in 2 experiments, just glutathione in the prefrontal cortex and nitrite/nitrate in the hippocampus after 3 days of resocialization improved. Conclusions: A return to normal levels in all types of antioxidant markers in the resocialization groups is not the only factor for improving memory deficits resulting from isolation. Resocialization may also be activating other regulatory mechanisms besides an antioxidant defense.
url https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069518820323
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