Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy

Introduction: Non-dipper and extreme dipper blood pressure (BP) profiles are associated with a worse cardiovascular prognosis. The relationship between nocturnal BP profile and hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is not fully established. Aim: To assess the association between the prevalence and severity...

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Main Authors: Tatiana Duarte, Sara Gonçalves, Raquel Brito, Catarina Sá, Rita Marinheiro, Marta Fonseca, Rita Rodrigues, Filipe Seixo, Anabela Guerreiro, Andreia Fernandes, Cristina Carradas, Isabel Silvestre, Leonel Bernardino, Rui Caria
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2018-02-01
Series:Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition)
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2174204918300084
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author Tatiana Duarte
Sara Gonçalves
Raquel Brito
Catarina Sá
Rita Marinheiro
Marta Fonseca
Rita Rodrigues
Filipe Seixo
Anabela Guerreiro
Andreia Fernandes
Cristina Carradas
Isabel Silvestre
Leonel Bernardino
Rui Caria
spellingShingle Tatiana Duarte
Sara Gonçalves
Raquel Brito
Catarina Sá
Rita Marinheiro
Marta Fonseca
Rita Rodrigues
Filipe Seixo
Anabela Guerreiro
Andreia Fernandes
Cristina Carradas
Isabel Silvestre
Leonel Bernardino
Rui Caria
Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy
Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition)
author_facet Tatiana Duarte
Sara Gonçalves
Raquel Brito
Catarina Sá
Rita Marinheiro
Marta Fonseca
Rita Rodrigues
Filipe Seixo
Anabela Guerreiro
Andreia Fernandes
Cristina Carradas
Isabel Silvestre
Leonel Bernardino
Rui Caria
author_sort Tatiana Duarte
title Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy
title_short Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy
title_full Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy
title_fullStr Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy
title_full_unstemmed Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy
title_sort relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathy
publisher Elsevier
series Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition)
issn 2174-2049
publishDate 2018-02-01
description Introduction: Non-dipper and extreme dipper blood pressure (BP) profiles are associated with a worse cardiovascular prognosis. The relationship between nocturnal BP profile and hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is not fully established. Aim: To assess the association between the prevalence and severity of HR and nocturnal BP. Methods: We prospectively studied hypertensive patients who underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. The population was divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of lesions and compared according to baseline characteristics, nocturnal BP profile (dippers, non-dippers, inverted dippers/risers and extreme dippers) and mean nocturnal systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP values. The presence and severity of HR were assessed using the Scheie classification. The relationship between nocturnal SBP and DBP values (and nocturnal BP profile) and the prevalence and severity of HR was determined. Results: Forty-six patients (46% male, aged 63±12 years) were analyzed, of whom 91% (n=42) were under antihypertensive treatment. Seventy percent (n=33) had uncontrolled BP. HR was diagnosed in 83% (n=38). Patients with HR had higher mean systolic nocturnal BP (151±23 vs. 130±13 mmHg, p=0.008). Patients with greater HR severity (Scheie stage ≥2) had higher nocturnal BP (153±25 vs. 140±16 mmHg, p=0.04). There was no statistically significant association between DBP and nocturnal BP patterns and HR. Conclusions: The prevalence and severity of HR were associated with higher nocturnal SBP. No relationship was observed between nocturnal BP profile and the presence of HR. Resumo: Introdução: Os perfis tensionais noturnos non-dipper e extreme-dipper têm sido associados a lesões de órgão-alvo. A relação entre a pressão arterial (PA) e retinopatia hipertensiva (RH) está pouco esclarecida. Objetivo: Avaliar em doentes (dts) hipertensos a relação entre os valores noturnos de pressurometria em ambulatório de 24 h (MAPA) e prevalência e a gravidade da RH. Métodos: Foram avaliados prospectivamente dts hipertensos submetidos à realização de MAPA de 24 h. Foram determinadas características basais, PA sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) médias noturnas, e os dts classificados pelo perfil tensional noturno em dipper; non-dipper; inverted-dipper e extreme-dipper. O diagnóstico de RH foi estabelecido por fundoscopia e a gravidade definida pela classificação de Scheie. Foi estabelecida a relação entre valores de PAS e PAD noturnos e o perfil tensional noturno com a prevalência e gravidade da RH. Resultados: Foram avaliados 46 dts (46% sexo masculino [n=21]; idade média 63±12 anos). Noventa e um por cento dos dts estavam sob terapêutica anti-hipertensora (n=42); destes, 30% apresentavam PA controlada (n=13). A presença de RH foi observada em 83% dos dts (n=38). Os dts com RH apresentaram níveis de PAS noturna mais elevados (151±23 versus 130±13, p=0,008). A PAS noturna esteve ainda associada a uma maior gravidade de RH (153±25 versus 140±16, p=0,04). Não existiu relação entre a PAD noturna ou o perfil tensional noturno e presença de RH. Conclusão: Níveis mais elevados de PAS noturna estiveram associados a RH. Não se verificou relação entre o perfil tensional noturno e a presença de RH. Keywords: Dipper profile, Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, Hypertensive retinopathy, Palavras-chave: Perfil dipper, MAPA, Retinopatia hipertensiva
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2174204918300084
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spelling doaj-bbd3ecdc10024bc08ab02db9d4ed2ea92020-11-25T01:58:34ZengElsevierRevista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition)2174-20492018-02-01372169173Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure profiles and the presence and severity of hypertensive retinopathyTatiana Duarte0Sara Gonçalves1Raquel Brito2Catarina Sá3Rita Marinheiro4Marta Fonseca5Rita Rodrigues6Filipe Seixo7Anabela Guerreiro8Andreia Fernandes9Cristina Carradas10Isabel Silvestre11Leonel Bernardino12Rui Caria13Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, Portugal; Corresponding author.Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Oftalmologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalServiço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Setúbal, PortugalIntroduction: Non-dipper and extreme dipper blood pressure (BP) profiles are associated with a worse cardiovascular prognosis. The relationship between nocturnal BP profile and hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is not fully established. Aim: To assess the association between the prevalence and severity of HR and nocturnal BP. Methods: We prospectively studied hypertensive patients who underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. The population was divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of lesions and compared according to baseline characteristics, nocturnal BP profile (dippers, non-dippers, inverted dippers/risers and extreme dippers) and mean nocturnal systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP values. The presence and severity of HR were assessed using the Scheie classification. The relationship between nocturnal SBP and DBP values (and nocturnal BP profile) and the prevalence and severity of HR was determined. Results: Forty-six patients (46% male, aged 63±12 years) were analyzed, of whom 91% (n=42) were under antihypertensive treatment. Seventy percent (n=33) had uncontrolled BP. HR was diagnosed in 83% (n=38). Patients with HR had higher mean systolic nocturnal BP (151±23 vs. 130±13 mmHg, p=0.008). Patients with greater HR severity (Scheie stage ≥2) had higher nocturnal BP (153±25 vs. 140±16 mmHg, p=0.04). There was no statistically significant association between DBP and nocturnal BP patterns and HR. Conclusions: The prevalence and severity of HR were associated with higher nocturnal SBP. No relationship was observed between nocturnal BP profile and the presence of HR. Resumo: Introdução: Os perfis tensionais noturnos non-dipper e extreme-dipper têm sido associados a lesões de órgão-alvo. A relação entre a pressão arterial (PA) e retinopatia hipertensiva (RH) está pouco esclarecida. Objetivo: Avaliar em doentes (dts) hipertensos a relação entre os valores noturnos de pressurometria em ambulatório de 24 h (MAPA) e prevalência e a gravidade da RH. Métodos: Foram avaliados prospectivamente dts hipertensos submetidos à realização de MAPA de 24 h. Foram determinadas características basais, PA sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) médias noturnas, e os dts classificados pelo perfil tensional noturno em dipper; non-dipper; inverted-dipper e extreme-dipper. O diagnóstico de RH foi estabelecido por fundoscopia e a gravidade definida pela classificação de Scheie. Foi estabelecida a relação entre valores de PAS e PAD noturnos e o perfil tensional noturno com a prevalência e gravidade da RH. Resultados: Foram avaliados 46 dts (46% sexo masculino [n=21]; idade média 63±12 anos). Noventa e um por cento dos dts estavam sob terapêutica anti-hipertensora (n=42); destes, 30% apresentavam PA controlada (n=13). A presença de RH foi observada em 83% dos dts (n=38). Os dts com RH apresentaram níveis de PAS noturna mais elevados (151±23 versus 130±13, p=0,008). A PAS noturna esteve ainda associada a uma maior gravidade de RH (153±25 versus 140±16, p=0,04). Não existiu relação entre a PAD noturna ou o perfil tensional noturno e presença de RH. Conclusão: Níveis mais elevados de PAS noturna estiveram associados a RH. Não se verificou relação entre o perfil tensional noturno e a presença de RH. Keywords: Dipper profile, Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, Hypertensive retinopathy, Palavras-chave: Perfil dipper, MAPA, Retinopatia hipertensivahttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2174204918300084