Effect of high-protein breakfast meal on within-day appetite hormones: Peptide YY, glucagon like peptide-1 in adults

• Main Authors: Hadeel Ali Ghazzawi, Samar Mustafa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2019-12-01
• Series: Clinical Nutrition Experimental
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352939319300600

Summary: Background: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of a single high protein breakfast on appetite related hormones (Peptide YY (PYY), and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)) and perceived appetite sensation among adults. Many studies showed that dietary protein is the most satiating macronutrient, since protein may affect appetite by its involvement with appetite regulating hormones. Methods: Within-subject crossover design was used, where participants received one of two assigned breakfasts on two different mornings: the first breakfast were a high protein (HP) breakfast that contained (51% protein, 13% CHO, 36% fat), while the second one had a high carbohydrates (HC) breakfast (10% protein, 60% CHO, 30% fat). Results: The findings showed that PYY levels were significantly higher at (P = 0.05) significance level after the HP breakfast than the HC breakfast at 120 min. It also showed that there was an increase in postprandial GLP-1 concentration tended to be greater at significance level (P < 0.01) after the HP breakfast than after the HC one at 30, 60, and 120 min. The findings also showed that females had significantly higher GLP-1 levels than men following the HC breakfast, and satiety Visual Analog scales (VAS) scores were significantly higher after the HP breakfast than after the HC one at 120 min. Conclusion: A single HP breakfast of 51% had a greater effect on satiety rather than 10% of energy from protein, meanwhile this effect does not apply to all satiety hormones. Keywords: Appetite, Hunger, Breakfast, Satiety hormone, High protein meal, High carbohydrate meal