The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting?
Why have moderate electorates elected and reelected leftist governments in Latin America over the last twenty years? Scholars who rely on the classic Downsian logic of the median voter theorem have observed a process of ideological moderation among the most salient left-wing parties in the region. H...
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doaj-bb541ecda1ed4649a45326b92b8fc84f2021-01-11T05:25:38ZengLatin American Studies AssociationLatin American Research Review1542-42782020-12-0155410.25222/larr.466316The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting?Juan A. Moraes0Diego Luján1Universidad de la RepúblicaUniversidad de la RepúblicaWhy have moderate electorates elected and reelected leftist governments in Latin America over the last twenty years? Scholars who rely on the classic Downsian logic of the median voter theorem have observed a process of ideological moderation among the most salient left-wing parties in the region. However, there have been no systematic attempts to evaluate the moderation thesis at the comparative level, either across Latin America or within cases over time. This article uses a directional model in the spatial modeling tradition to argue that the success of the left rests on the provision of clear leftist programmatic cues to voters. Data coming from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems for five Latin American countries during 1994 and 2014 show that left-wing parties won on left-wing platforms across the region, while an in-depth study on Brazilian elections reveals that leftist voters of the Workers’ Party in 2002 were driven by programmatic cues that largely disappeared during the 2010 elections. Resumen ¿Por qué los electorados moderados de América Latina han elegido y reelegido gobiernos de izquierda durante las últimas dos décadas? Investigaciones basadas en el teorema del votante mediano sostienen la existencia de un proceso de moderación ideológica en los partidos de izquierda, orientados a competir y alcanzar el gobierno. Sin embargo, no existe ninguna evidencia sistemática a nivel comparado que avale esta hipótesis. Por el contrario, este artículo hace uso de un modelo direccional en la tradición de modelos espaciales para argumentar que el éxito electoral de la izquierda se asienta en la provisión de claras señales programáticas de izquierda a los votantes. Datos provenientes del Comparative Study of Electoral Systems para cinco países de América Latina durante el periodo 1999–2014, muestran que los partidos de izquierda han ganado sobre bases ideológicas de izquierda, mientras un estudio en profundidad sobre Brasil, muestra que los votantes del Partido de los Trabajadores en 2002 estuvieron guiados por bases programáticas de izquierda que desaparecieron durante las elecciones de 2010.https://larrlasa.org/articles/466 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Juan A. Moraes Diego Luján |
spellingShingle |
Juan A. Moraes Diego Luján The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting? Latin American Research Review |
author_facet |
Juan A. Moraes Diego Luján |
author_sort |
Juan A. Moraes |
title |
The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting? |
title_short |
The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting? |
title_full |
The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting? |
title_fullStr |
The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting? |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Electoral Success of the Left in Latin America: Is There Any Room for Spatial Models of Voting? |
title_sort |
electoral success of the left in latin america: is there any room for spatial models of voting? |
publisher |
Latin American Studies Association |
series |
Latin American Research Review |
issn |
1542-4278 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Why have moderate electorates elected and reelected leftist governments in Latin America over the last twenty years? Scholars who rely on the classic Downsian logic of the median voter theorem have observed a process of ideological moderation among the most salient left-wing parties in the region. However, there have been no systematic attempts to evaluate the moderation thesis at the comparative level, either across Latin America or within cases over time. This article uses a directional model in the spatial modeling tradition to argue that the success of the left rests on the provision of clear leftist programmatic cues to voters. Data coming from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems for five Latin American countries during 1994 and 2014 show that left-wing parties won on left-wing platforms across the region, while an in-depth study on Brazilian elections reveals that leftist voters of the Workers’ Party in 2002 were driven by programmatic cues that largely disappeared during the 2010 elections. Resumen ¿Por qué los electorados moderados de América Latina han elegido y reelegido gobiernos de izquierda durante las últimas dos décadas? Investigaciones basadas en el teorema del votante mediano sostienen la existencia de un proceso de moderación ideológica en los partidos de izquierda, orientados a competir y alcanzar el gobierno. Sin embargo, no existe ninguna evidencia sistemática a nivel comparado que avale esta hipótesis. Por el contrario, este artículo hace uso de un modelo direccional en la tradición de modelos espaciales para argumentar que el éxito electoral de la izquierda se asienta en la provisión de claras señales programáticas de izquierda a los votantes. Datos provenientes del Comparative Study of Electoral Systems para cinco países de América Latina durante el periodo 1999–2014, muestran que los partidos de izquierda han ganado sobre bases ideológicas de izquierda, mientras un estudio en profundidad sobre Brasil, muestra que los votantes del Partido de los Trabajadores en 2002 estuvieron guiados por bases programáticas de izquierda que desaparecieron durante las elecciones de 2010. |
url |
https://larrlasa.org/articles/466 |
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