Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.

OBJECTIVE: To assess health risks associated with inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene mainly emitted from building and decoration materials in newly remodeled indoor spaces in Beijing. METHODS: We tested the formaldehyde and benzene concentrations in indoor air of 410 dwellings and 451 o...

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Main Authors: Lihui Huang, Jinhan Mo, Jan Sundell, Zhihua Fan, Yinping Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3828412?pdf=render
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spelling doaj-ba5f9503881b44ce8c29e39078a9f5a12020-11-24T21:12:25ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-01811e7955310.1371/journal.pone.0079553Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.Lihui HuangJinhan MoJan SundellZhihua FanYinping ZhangOBJECTIVE: To assess health risks associated with inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene mainly emitted from building and decoration materials in newly remodeled indoor spaces in Beijing. METHODS: We tested the formaldehyde and benzene concentrations in indoor air of 410 dwellings and 451 offices remodeled within the past year, in which the occupants had health concerns about indoor air quality. To assess non-carcinogenic health risks, we compared the data to the health guidelines in China and USA, respectively. To assess carcinogenic health risks, we first modeled indoor personal exposure to formaldehyde and benzene using the concentration data, and then estimated the associated cancer risks by multiplying the indoor personal exposure by the Inhalation Unit Risk values (IURs) provided by the U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System (U.S. EPA IRIS) and the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), respectively. RESULTS: (1) The indoor formaldehyde concentrations of 85% dwellings and 67% offices were above the acute Reference Exposure Level (REL) recommended by the OEHHA and the concentrations of all tested buildings were above the chronic REL recommended by the OEHHA; (2) The indoor benzene concentrations of 12% dwellings and 32% offices exceeded the reference concentration (RfC) recommended by the U.S. EPA IRIS; (3) The median cancer risks from indoor exposure to formaldehyde and benzene were 1,150 and 106 per million (based on U.S. EPA IRIS IURs), 531 and 394 per million (based on OEHHA IURs). CONCLUSIONS: In the tested buildings, formaldehyde exposure may pose acute and chronic non-carcinogenic health risks to the occupants, whereas benzene exposure may pose chronic non-carcinogenic risks to the occupants. Exposure to both compounds is associated with significant carcinogenic risks. Improvement in ventilation, establishment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission labeling systems for decorating and refurbishing materials are recommended to reduce indoor VOCs exposure.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3828412?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Lihui Huang
Jinhan Mo
Jan Sundell
Zhihua Fan
Yinping Zhang
spellingShingle Lihui Huang
Jinhan Mo
Jan Sundell
Zhihua Fan
Yinping Zhang
Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Lihui Huang
Jinhan Mo
Jan Sundell
Zhihua Fan
Yinping Zhang
author_sort Lihui Huang
title Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.
title_short Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.
title_full Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.
title_fullStr Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.
title_full_unstemmed Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, Beijing.
title_sort health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in newly remodeled buildings, beijing.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2013-01-01
description OBJECTIVE: To assess health risks associated with inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene mainly emitted from building and decoration materials in newly remodeled indoor spaces in Beijing. METHODS: We tested the formaldehyde and benzene concentrations in indoor air of 410 dwellings and 451 offices remodeled within the past year, in which the occupants had health concerns about indoor air quality. To assess non-carcinogenic health risks, we compared the data to the health guidelines in China and USA, respectively. To assess carcinogenic health risks, we first modeled indoor personal exposure to formaldehyde and benzene using the concentration data, and then estimated the associated cancer risks by multiplying the indoor personal exposure by the Inhalation Unit Risk values (IURs) provided by the U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System (U.S. EPA IRIS) and the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), respectively. RESULTS: (1) The indoor formaldehyde concentrations of 85% dwellings and 67% offices were above the acute Reference Exposure Level (REL) recommended by the OEHHA and the concentrations of all tested buildings were above the chronic REL recommended by the OEHHA; (2) The indoor benzene concentrations of 12% dwellings and 32% offices exceeded the reference concentration (RfC) recommended by the U.S. EPA IRIS; (3) The median cancer risks from indoor exposure to formaldehyde and benzene were 1,150 and 106 per million (based on U.S. EPA IRIS IURs), 531 and 394 per million (based on OEHHA IURs). CONCLUSIONS: In the tested buildings, formaldehyde exposure may pose acute and chronic non-carcinogenic health risks to the occupants, whereas benzene exposure may pose chronic non-carcinogenic risks to the occupants. Exposure to both compounds is associated with significant carcinogenic risks. Improvement in ventilation, establishment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission labeling systems for decorating and refurbishing materials are recommended to reduce indoor VOCs exposure.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3828412?pdf=render
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AT jansundell healthriskassessmentofinhalationexposuretoformaldehydeandbenzeneinnewlyremodeledbuildingsbeijing
AT zhihuafan healthriskassessmentofinhalationexposuretoformaldehydeandbenzeneinnewlyremodeledbuildingsbeijing
AT yinpingzhang healthriskassessmentofinhalationexposuretoformaldehydeandbenzeneinnewlyremodeledbuildingsbeijing
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