Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder originating from multiple factors. The aim of this study is to determine the percentage of patients with ADHD out of all patients referred to our clinic for assessment, and to explore the epidemiological and...

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Main Authors: C. Rivas-Juesas, J.G. de Dios, M. Benac-Prefaci, J. Colomer-Revuelta
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier España 2017-09-01
Series:Neurología (English Edition)
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2173580817301062
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author C. Rivas-Juesas
J.G. de Dios
M. Benac-Prefaci
J. Colomer-Revuelta
spellingShingle C. Rivas-Juesas
J.G. de Dios
M. Benac-Prefaci
J. Colomer-Revuelta
Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
Neurología (English Edition)
author_facet C. Rivas-Juesas
J.G. de Dios
M. Benac-Prefaci
J. Colomer-Revuelta
author_sort C. Rivas-Juesas
title Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
title_short Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
title_full Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
title_fullStr Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
title_sort analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
publisher Elsevier España
series Neurología (English Edition)
issn 2173-5808
publishDate 2017-09-01
description Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder originating from multiple factors. The aim of this study is to determine the percentage of patients with ADHD out of all patients referred to our clinic for assessment, and to explore the epidemiological and clinical factors linked to this diagnosis. Patients and methods: Retrospective analytical study of a sample of patients under 15 years old sent to the paediatric neurology clinic for suspected ADHD. DSM-IV criteria were used for diagnosis. We completed a binary logistic regression analysis to determine which risk factors were associated with the diagnosis. Results: Of the 280 selected patients, 224 were male (male/female ratio 4:1); mean age (SD) was 8.4 (3.08) years. Almost half (49%) of the patients were referred by their schools and 64.9% were born in the second half of the year, but this tendency was more marked in girls than in boys. Assessment according to DSM-IV criteria resulted in diagnosis of 139 subjects (49.7%). The risk factors linked to diagnosis were male sex, parents with ADHD, associated sleep disorders, tics, and absence of neurodevelopmental delay. Conclusion: Only half of the children referred for suspected ADHD were diagnosed with that condition, and most were among the youngest in their classes, which suggests that suspected ADHD is overestimated. An exhaustive clinical interview investigating the family's psychological disorders and the patient's sleep disorders and tics is needed to improve the diagnostic process. Resumen: Introducción: El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico de origen multifactorial. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el porcentaje de pacientes que presentan TDAH del global de los enviados a la consulta por este motivo, y explorar los factores epidemiológicos y clínicos asociados al diagnóstico. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo analítico de una muestra de pacientes derivados a la consulta de neuropediatría por sospecha de TDAH, a la que se le aplican los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV. Se realiza un análisis de regresión logística para explorar los factores asociados al diagnóstico. Resultados: De los 280 pacientes, 224 eran varones (relación niños/niñas 4/1) con una edad media ± desviación estándar de 8,4 ± 3,08 años. El 49% fue remitido desde el ámbito escolar. El 64,9% de ellos nacieron en el segundo semestre del año, fenómeno que es más acusado en las mujeres. Tras la evaluación de los sujetos, un total de 139 casos fueron diagnosticados (49,7%). Los factores asociados a un incremento de diagnósticos de TDAH fueron: el sexo varón, el TDAH parental, trastornos del sueño asociados, la presencia de tics y la ausencia de retraso del desarrollo psicomotor. Conclusiones: Solo la mitad de los niños enviados con sospecha de TDAH fueron diagnosticados del trastorno. La mayoría se encuentra entre los más jóvenes del curso escolar, sugiriendo una sobreestimación de la sospecha. Una entrevista clínica donde se explore la psicopatología parental, los trastornos del sueño y los tics parece necesaria para mejorar el proceso diagnóstico. Keywords: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Epidemiology, Paediatric neurology, Age factors, Palabras clave: Trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad, Epidemiología, Neurología infantil, Factores de edad
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2173580817301062
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spelling doaj-ba42189684b14e07ac3c8ffaf97ab0f82020-11-24T23:34:33ZengElsevier EspañaNeurología (English Edition)2173-58082017-09-01327431439Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in childrenC. Rivas-Juesas0J.G. de Dios1M. Benac-Prefaci2J. Colomer-Revuelta3Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Corresponding author.Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, SpainServicio de Pediatría, Hospital de Sagunto, Sagunto, Valencia, SpainDepartamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, SpainIntroduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder originating from multiple factors. The aim of this study is to determine the percentage of patients with ADHD out of all patients referred to our clinic for assessment, and to explore the epidemiological and clinical factors linked to this diagnosis. Patients and methods: Retrospective analytical study of a sample of patients under 15 years old sent to the paediatric neurology clinic for suspected ADHD. DSM-IV criteria were used for diagnosis. We completed a binary logistic regression analysis to determine which risk factors were associated with the diagnosis. Results: Of the 280 selected patients, 224 were male (male/female ratio 4:1); mean age (SD) was 8.4 (3.08) years. Almost half (49%) of the patients were referred by their schools and 64.9% were born in the second half of the year, but this tendency was more marked in girls than in boys. Assessment according to DSM-IV criteria resulted in diagnosis of 139 subjects (49.7%). The risk factors linked to diagnosis were male sex, parents with ADHD, associated sleep disorders, tics, and absence of neurodevelopmental delay. Conclusion: Only half of the children referred for suspected ADHD were diagnosed with that condition, and most were among the youngest in their classes, which suggests that suspected ADHD is overestimated. An exhaustive clinical interview investigating the family's psychological disorders and the patient's sleep disorders and tics is needed to improve the diagnostic process. Resumen: Introducción: El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico de origen multifactorial. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el porcentaje de pacientes que presentan TDAH del global de los enviados a la consulta por este motivo, y explorar los factores epidemiológicos y clínicos asociados al diagnóstico. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo analítico de una muestra de pacientes derivados a la consulta de neuropediatría por sospecha de TDAH, a la que se le aplican los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV. Se realiza un análisis de regresión logística para explorar los factores asociados al diagnóstico. Resultados: De los 280 pacientes, 224 eran varones (relación niños/niñas 4/1) con una edad media ± desviación estándar de 8,4 ± 3,08 años. El 49% fue remitido desde el ámbito escolar. El 64,9% de ellos nacieron en el segundo semestre del año, fenómeno que es más acusado en las mujeres. Tras la evaluación de los sujetos, un total de 139 casos fueron diagnosticados (49,7%). Los factores asociados a un incremento de diagnósticos de TDAH fueron: el sexo varón, el TDAH parental, trastornos del sueño asociados, la presencia de tics y la ausencia de retraso del desarrollo psicomotor. Conclusiones: Solo la mitad de los niños enviados con sospecha de TDAH fueron diagnosticados del trastorno. La mayoría se encuentra entre los más jóvenes del curso escolar, sugiriendo una sobreestimación de la sospecha. Una entrevista clínica donde se explore la psicopatología parental, los trastornos del sueño y los tics parece necesaria para mejorar el proceso diagnóstico. Keywords: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Epidemiology, Paediatric neurology, Age factors, Palabras clave: Trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad, Epidemiología, Neurología infantil, Factores de edadhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2173580817301062