Acute Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Polygonum pulchrum Blume using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method

• Main Authors: Asman Sadino, Idin Sahidin, Wahyuni Wahyuni
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universitas Padjadjaran 2017-08-01
• Series: Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
• Online Access: http://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/pcpr/article/view/15210/pdf

The potential toxicity effect presents in the medicinal plants is important to be identified for the safety assurance. Accute toxicity study is an initial step in the drug safety assurance test. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the potential acute toxicity of roots, stems, leaves, and flowers ethanol extracts of bamboo bamboo plants (Polygonum pulchrum Blume). This study used brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. The total number of larvae used in each concentrations in three times replications was 330 larvae. Each group was given consecutively roots, stems, leaves and flowers ethanol extracts of P. pulchrum Blume plants with variation concentrations 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 250 μg/ ml, 500 μg/ml, 1000 μg/ml, 2000 μg/ml, and 4000 μg/ml. The number of dead larvae after 24 hours treatment were calculated to obtain the mortality percentages and to determine the LC50 value, which were determined by probit analysis using MiniTab application version 17.1.0. Ethanol extract of P. pulchrum roots and stems resulted LC50 values of 933.08 μg/ml and 919.58 μg/ml, respectively. While the LC50 values of leaves and flowers extracts were 2207.06 μg/ml and 1081.90 μg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, P. pulchrum Blume roots and stems were classified as toxic according to BLST method, while leaves and flowers were not. Keywords: acute toxicity, brine shrimp lethality test, Polygonum pulchrum Blume