Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations

In this work, both analytical and sensory determinations were carried out to evaluate the quality of yellow (‘Summerset‘, ‘Tardiva 2000‘, ‘Fairtime’, ‘Guglielmina’) and white flesh (‘Daniela’) late-ri...

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Main Authors:	Vittorio Farina, Riccardo Lo Bianco, Agata Mazzaglia
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2019-09-01
Series:	Agriculture
Subjects:	flavor flesh firmness juice acidity biplot analysis panel test peel color <i>Prunus persica</i> sweetness
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/9/9/189

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spelling	doaj-b94989bb56bf41ca962acb391d763ebe2021-04-02T05:56:29ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722019-09-019918910.3390/agriculture9090189agriculture9090189Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory DeterminationsVittorio Farina0Riccardo Lo Bianco1Agata Mazzaglia2Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences. Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences. Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Università degli Studi di Catania, 95131 Catania, ItalyIn this work, both analytical and sensory determinations were carried out to evaluate the quality of yellow (‘Summerset‘, ‘Tardiva 2000‘, ‘Fairtime’, ‘Guglielmina’) and white flesh (‘Daniela’) late-ripening peach and nectarine (‘California’ and ‘Fairlane’) cultivars. Analytical measurements included weight, diameter, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, pH, and peel color. To describe and quantify the peach and nectarine sensory profile, a panel of 10 judges generated 15 descriptors. According to univariate analysis of fruit quality attributes, ‘Fairtime’, ‘Summerset, ‘Daniela’, and ‘California’ produced large and attractive fruits with an extensive red peel color. On the other hand, ‘Guglielmina’, ‘Daniela’, ‘Tardiva 2000’, and ‘Fairlane’ produced superior quality fruit in terms of soluble solids, titratable acidity, sweetness, and flavor. The white flesh peach ‘Daniela’ produced fruits with the best balance between external and internal quality. Cluster analysis on standardized component coordinates from biplot analysis allowed for the identification of two main groups. One group included ‘Daniela’, ‘Guglielmin’, ‘Tardiva 2000’, and ‘Fairlane’, along with attributes that are more indicative of ripe fruit such as soluble solids, sweetness, sugar/acid, juiciness, ground color index, peel color uniformity, flesh color intensity, mealiness, peach odor and flavor, and flower odor and flavor. The other group included ‘Summerset’, ‘Fairtime’, and ‘California’ along with weight, diameter, consistency, flesh firmness, percentage of cover color, bitterness, titratable acidity, sour odor and flavor, and grassy odor and flavor. The dual approach adopted in this study indicates that cultivars with large and attractive fruits are often lacking real eating quality. This poses serious doubts on the real value of exterior appearance for recognizing high-quality peaches and nectarines.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/9/9/189flavorflesh firmnessjuice aciditybiplot analysispanel testpeel color<i>Prunus persica</i>sweetness
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Vittorio Farina Riccardo Lo Bianco Agata Mazzaglia
spellingShingle	Vittorio Farina Riccardo Lo Bianco Agata Mazzaglia Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations Agriculture flavor flesh firmness juice acidity biplot analysis panel test peel color <i>Prunus persica</i> sweetness
author_facet	Vittorio Farina Riccardo Lo Bianco Agata Mazzaglia
author_sort	Vittorio Farina
title	Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations
title_short	Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations
title_full	Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations
title_fullStr	Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations
title_sort	evaluation of late-maturing peach and nectarine fruit quality by chemical, physical, and sensory determinations
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Agriculture
issn	2077-0472
publishDate	2019-09-01
description	In this work, both analytical and sensory determinations were carried out to evaluate the quality of yellow (‘Summerset‘, ‘Tardiva 2000‘, ‘Fairtime’, ‘Guglielmina’) and white flesh (‘Daniela’) late-ripening peach and nectarine (‘California’ and ‘Fairlane’) cultivars. Analytical measurements included weight, diameter, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, pH, and peel color. To describe and quantify the peach and nectarine sensory profile, a panel of 10 judges generated 15 descriptors. According to univariate analysis of fruit quality attributes, ‘Fairtime’, ‘Summerset, ‘Daniela’, and ‘California’ produced large and attractive fruits with an extensive red peel color. On the other hand, ‘Guglielmina’, ‘Daniela’, ‘Tardiva 2000’, and ‘Fairlane’ produced superior quality fruit in terms of soluble solids, titratable acidity, sweetness, and flavor. The white flesh peach ‘Daniela’ produced fruits with the best balance between external and internal quality. Cluster analysis on standardized component coordinates from biplot analysis allowed for the identification of two main groups. One group included ‘Daniela’, ‘Guglielmin’, ‘Tardiva 2000’, and ‘Fairlane’, along with attributes that are more indicative of ripe fruit such as soluble solids, sweetness, sugar/acid, juiciness, ground color index, peel color uniformity, flesh color intensity, mealiness, peach odor and flavor, and flower odor and flavor. The other group included ‘Summerset’, ‘Fairtime’, and ‘California’ along with weight, diameter, consistency, flesh firmness, percentage of cover color, bitterness, titratable acidity, sour odor and flavor, and grassy odor and flavor. The dual approach adopted in this study indicates that cultivars with large and attractive fruits are often lacking real eating quality. This poses serious doubts on the real value of exterior appearance for recognizing high-quality peaches and nectarines.
topic	flavor flesh firmness juice acidity biplot analysis panel test peel color <i>Prunus persica</i> sweetness
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/9/9/189
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Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations

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