The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake

Background: The fatty acid (FA) composition of blood can be used as an objective biomarker of dietary FA intake. It remains unclear how the nutritional state influences the FA composition of plasma lipid fractions, and thus their usefulness as biomarkers in a non-fasted state. Objectives: To investi...

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Main Authors: Sion A. Parry, Fredrik Rosqvist, Sarah Peters, Rebecca K. Young, Thomas Cornfield, Pamela Dyson, Leanne Hodson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Upsala Medical Society 2021-07-01
Series:Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ujms.net/index.php/ujms/article/view/7649/13729
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spelling doaj-b93e94a261ab4c279bf2d729405a55c22021-08-24T14:26:32ZengUpsala Medical SocietyUpsala Journal of Medical Sciences0300-97342000-19672021-07-011261910.48101/ujms.v126.76497649The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intakeSion A. Parry0Fredrik Rosqvist1Sarah Peters2Rebecca K. Young3Thomas Cornfield4Pamela Dyson5Leanne Hodson6Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomOxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomOxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomOxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomOxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomOxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomOxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomBackground: The fatty acid (FA) composition of blood can be used as an objective biomarker of dietary FA intake. It remains unclear how the nutritional state influences the FA composition of plasma lipid fractions, and thus their usefulness as biomarkers in a non-fasted state. Objectives: To investigate the associations between palmitate, oleate and linoleate in plasma lipid fractions and self-reported dietary FA intake, and assess the influence of meal consumption on the relative abundance of these FA in plasma lipid fractions (i.e. triglyceride [TG], phospholipids [PLs] and cholesterol esters [CEs]). Design: Analysis was performed in plasma samples collected from 49 (34 males and 15 females) participants aged 26–57 years with a body mass index (BMI) between 21.6 and 34.2 kg/m2, all of whom had participated in multiple study visits, thus a pooled cohort of 98 data sets was available for analysis. A subset (n = 25) had undergone nutritional interventions and was therefore used to investigate the relationship between the FA composition of plasma lipid fractions and dietary fat intake. Results: Significant (P < 0.05) positive associations were observed between dietary polyunsaturated fat and linoleate abundance in plasma CE. When investigating the influence of meal consumption on postprandial FA composition, we found plasma TG palmitate significantly (P < 0.05) decreased across the postprandial period, whereas oleate and linoleate increased. A similar pattern was observed in plasma PL, whereas linoleate abundance decreased in the plasma CE. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that the FA composition of plasma CE may be the lipid fraction to utilise as an objective biomarker when investigating recent (i.e. previous weeks-months) dietary FA intakes. In addition, we show that the consumption of a high-fat meal influences the FA composition of plasma TG, PL and CE over the course of the postprandial period, and therefore, suggest that fasting blood samples should be utilised when using FA composition as a biomarker of dietary FA intake.https://ujms.net/index.php/ujms/article/view/7649/13729postprandialfatty acidsbiomarkerlipid fractionsfatty acid composition
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Sion A. Parry
Fredrik Rosqvist
Sarah Peters
Rebecca K. Young
Thomas Cornfield
Pamela Dyson
Leanne Hodson
spellingShingle Sion A. Parry
Fredrik Rosqvist
Sarah Peters
Rebecca K. Young
Thomas Cornfield
Pamela Dyson
Leanne Hodson
The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake
Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
postprandial
fatty acids
biomarker
lipid fractions
fatty acid composition
author_facet Sion A. Parry
Fredrik Rosqvist
Sarah Peters
Rebecca K. Young
Thomas Cornfield
Pamela Dyson
Leanne Hodson
author_sort Sion A. Parry
title The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake
title_short The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake
title_full The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake
title_fullStr The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake
title_full_unstemmed The influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake
title_sort influence of nutritional state on the fatty acid composition of circulating lipid fractions: implications for their use as biomarkers of dietary fat intake
publisher Upsala Medical Society
series Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
issn 0300-9734
2000-1967
publishDate 2021-07-01
description Background: The fatty acid (FA) composition of blood can be used as an objective biomarker of dietary FA intake. It remains unclear how the nutritional state influences the FA composition of plasma lipid fractions, and thus their usefulness as biomarkers in a non-fasted state. Objectives: To investigate the associations between palmitate, oleate and linoleate in plasma lipid fractions and self-reported dietary FA intake, and assess the influence of meal consumption on the relative abundance of these FA in plasma lipid fractions (i.e. triglyceride [TG], phospholipids [PLs] and cholesterol esters [CEs]). Design: Analysis was performed in plasma samples collected from 49 (34 males and 15 females) participants aged 26–57 years with a body mass index (BMI) between 21.6 and 34.2 kg/m2, all of whom had participated in multiple study visits, thus a pooled cohort of 98 data sets was available for analysis. A subset (n = 25) had undergone nutritional interventions and was therefore used to investigate the relationship between the FA composition of plasma lipid fractions and dietary fat intake. Results: Significant (P < 0.05) positive associations were observed between dietary polyunsaturated fat and linoleate abundance in plasma CE. When investigating the influence of meal consumption on postprandial FA composition, we found plasma TG palmitate significantly (P < 0.05) decreased across the postprandial period, whereas oleate and linoleate increased. A similar pattern was observed in plasma PL, whereas linoleate abundance decreased in the plasma CE. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that the FA composition of plasma CE may be the lipid fraction to utilise as an objective biomarker when investigating recent (i.e. previous weeks-months) dietary FA intakes. In addition, we show that the consumption of a high-fat meal influences the FA composition of plasma TG, PL and CE over the course of the postprandial period, and therefore, suggest that fasting blood samples should be utilised when using FA composition as a biomarker of dietary FA intake.
topic postprandial
fatty acids
biomarker
lipid fractions
fatty acid composition
url https://ujms.net/index.php/ujms/article/view/7649/13729
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