Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches

The pyrolysis of willow samples from various plant positions was analysed using thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The results indicate that pyrolysis can be divided into four stages. The first stage from 30 to 120°C involves free evaporation of moisture, with a mass...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhen Liu, Na Qi, Yaning Luan, Xiangyang Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2015-01-01
Series:Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/303212
id doaj-b93e2f6738634f7a91610bf3e13ad7c1
record_format Article
spelling doaj-b93e2f6738634f7a91610bf3e13ad7c12020-11-24T21:27:17ZengHindawi LimitedAdvances in Materials Science and Engineering1687-84341687-84422015-01-01201510.1155/2015/303212303212Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and BranchesZhen Liu0Na Qi1Yaning Luan2Xiangyang Sun3College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaThe pyrolysis of willow samples from various plant positions was analysed using thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The results indicate that pyrolysis can be divided into four stages. The first stage from 30 to 120°C involves free evaporation of moisture, with a mass loss of 5%. The second stage from 120 to 200°C involves the pyrolysis of hemicellulose and unstable cellulose, with a mass loss of 4%. The third stage is from 200 to 400°C, with a weight loss of 60%, in which the chemical components of wood thermally decompose and emit heat, carbon dioxide, and so on. In the final stage, which occurs above 400°C, the pyrolysis of lignin and charring of cellulose occur, with a mass loss of 10%. Moreover, in FTIR, the samples exhibit the highest absorbance during the main pyrolysis phase, from which wood vinegar ingredients mainly arise, including CO2, H2O, CO, and small amounts of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, acids, esters, and aromatic compounds. Additionally, leaves are decomposed more thoroughly before the main pyrolysis phase, whereas decomposition of branches occurs fullest during this phase. Finally, we put forward some suggestions to support further research on conversion of willow into wood vinegar products.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/303212
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Zhen Liu
Na Qi
Yaning Luan
Xiangyang Sun
spellingShingle Zhen Liu
Na Qi
Yaning Luan
Xiangyang Sun
Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
author_facet Zhen Liu
Na Qi
Yaning Luan
Xiangyang Sun
author_sort Zhen Liu
title Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches
title_short Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches
title_full Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches
title_fullStr Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches
title_full_unstemmed Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches
title_sort thermogravimetry-infrared spectroscopy analysis of the pyrolysis of willow leaves, stems, and branches
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
issn 1687-8434
1687-8442
publishDate 2015-01-01
description The pyrolysis of willow samples from various plant positions was analysed using thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The results indicate that pyrolysis can be divided into four stages. The first stage from 30 to 120°C involves free evaporation of moisture, with a mass loss of 5%. The second stage from 120 to 200°C involves the pyrolysis of hemicellulose and unstable cellulose, with a mass loss of 4%. The third stage is from 200 to 400°C, with a weight loss of 60%, in which the chemical components of wood thermally decompose and emit heat, carbon dioxide, and so on. In the final stage, which occurs above 400°C, the pyrolysis of lignin and charring of cellulose occur, with a mass loss of 10%. Moreover, in FTIR, the samples exhibit the highest absorbance during the main pyrolysis phase, from which wood vinegar ingredients mainly arise, including CO2, H2O, CO, and small amounts of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, acids, esters, and aromatic compounds. Additionally, leaves are decomposed more thoroughly before the main pyrolysis phase, whereas decomposition of branches occurs fullest during this phase. Finally, we put forward some suggestions to support further research on conversion of willow into wood vinegar products.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/303212
work_keys_str_mv AT zhenliu thermogravimetryinfraredspectroscopyanalysisofthepyrolysisofwillowleavesstemsandbranches
AT naqi thermogravimetryinfraredspectroscopyanalysisofthepyrolysisofwillowleavesstemsandbranches
AT yaningluan thermogravimetryinfraredspectroscopyanalysisofthepyrolysisofwillowleavesstemsandbranches
AT xiangyangsun thermogravimetryinfraredspectroscopyanalysisofthepyrolysisofwillowleavesstemsandbranches
_version_ 1725975748508909568