Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention among Foreigners in Kazakhstan

• Main Authors: Tongxin Yu, Nadeem Khalid, Umair Ahmed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-06-01
• Series: Sustainability
• Subjects: entrepreneurship; government support; foreigners; COVID-19; Kazakhstan; entrepreneurial intention
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/13/7066

Entrepreneurship is essential in contributing to economic growth, job creation, technological advances, etc. in all countries, including Kazakhstan. Hence, the purpose of this study was to find out how to further facilitate the development of (foreign) entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan. In doing so, the authors attempted to identify factors influencing entrepreneurial intention (EI), specifically among the foreigners in Kazakhstan, and highlight the role of government support (GS) in general and under COVID-19. The study conceptualized the extended “TPB + Moderator (GS)” model. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 362 new and established foreign entrepreneurs in Kazakhstan by means of descriptive analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The study found that the foreigners’ personal attitude (PA) toward entrepreneurship was the strongest factor motivating their EI, followed by their perceived behavioral control (PBC) as the second strongest factor. The role of GS strengthened each effect of PA and PBC on EI. The moderating effect of GS and PA is greater than that of GS and PBC; each of the moderating effects is lower in magnitude than each of the direct effects. Their subject norms (SNs) and the moderating effect of GS and SNs are both insignificant.