Determination of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases Genes and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Cats

• Main Authors: Baharak Akhtardanesh, Reza Ghanbarpour, Elmira Yazdani
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2016-01-01
• Series: Journal of Medical Bacteriology
• Subjects: Escherichia coli, Extendedspectrum β-lactamase, Phylogenetic group, cat
• Online Access: http://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/75
• ISSN: 2251-8649; 2322-2581

ne"&gt; <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong><em>Background</em></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>: </strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">This study was set to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">producing <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>E. coli </em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">isolates and the genes underlying their resistance in relation to phylogenetic<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">background from fecal samples of healthy owned cats.<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong><em>Methods</em></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>: </strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">A total of 50 <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>E. coli </em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">isolates were confirmed by standard bacteriological tests. The<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">phylogenetic analyses of the isolates were carried out by combinations of three genetic markers<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>chuA</em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">, <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>yjaA </em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">and DNA fragment <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>TspE4.C2 </em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">by a triplex PCR method. The ESBL (<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bla</em><span style="font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">CTXM<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">, <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bla</em><span style="font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">TEM<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">,<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bla</em><span style="font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">SHV<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">, <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bla</em><span style="font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>OXA</em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">) encoding genes were detected. To identify ESBL producing phenotypes, all<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">selected isolates were screened with a double disk synergy test including cefotaxime, cefotaxime<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">with clavulanic acid, ceftazidime and ceftazidime with clavulanic acid.<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong><em>Results</em></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">: Results showed that <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>E. coli </em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">isolates fell into four phylogenetic groups (A, D, B1 and<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">B2) with prevalence of 78%, 4%, 8%, 10% and five phylogenetic subgroups including A0 (74<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">%), A1 (4 %), B1 (8 %), B2–2 (6 %), B2–3 (4 %) and D1 (4 %), respectively. Among all <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>E. coli</em><br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">isolates, 4% were positive for <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bla </em><span style="font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>SHV</em><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">, <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bla</em><span style="font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">CTX-M-15 <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">and <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bla</em><span style="font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">OXA-1 <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">genes which distributed in B2-2,<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">B2-3, A0 subgroups, respectively. According to antibiotic susceptibility test, 20 isolates were<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">resistant which belonged to D (D1 phylogenetic subgroup) and A (A0 phylogenetic subgroup)<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">groups.<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>: </strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">The results showed that healthy cats could be considered as potential source for the<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">dissemination of ESBL-encoding genes. Further investigations in companion animals and their<br /><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">owners are needed to clarify the importance of spreading of these zoonotic strains.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>