| Summary: | Background: A vasectomy (closing or removing a portion of the vas deferens) is the most common method of contraception for men. Almost 6% of the men who undergo a vasectomy seek the reversal of the vasectomy. Many factors can influence the success rate of a vasectomy reversal. It is important for the surgeon to be aware of these factors to clarify postsurgical expectations for the patient and his partner. Materials and Methods: Records of 50 cases of vasovasostomies performed in Rasoul-e-Akram from January 2014 to January 2015 were extracted. We reviewed all items from the checklists in their records and followed up with the patients after surgery. The factors affecting surgical success were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean time between the vasovasostomy was 8.2 ± 4.81 years (Min:1, Max:22 years). The age of the patients was significantly correlated with the success rate of the vasovasostomy (OR = 0.81, P = 0.005). There was a significant relationship between the time since the vasectomy and the success rate of the vasovasostomy (OR = 0.75, P = .001). Through a logistic regression analysis, a significant correlation was found between smoking and success (P < .05). Postoperative complications and inguinal surgery were also factors that were inversely correlated with success. Conclusions: In this study, the reverse relationship between certain factors such as age, time after the vasectomy, smoking, post discharge complications, and a history of inguinal surgery, and the success rate of microscopic surgical vasovasostomies has been proven. Considering these factors, surgeons can estimate the likelihood of success before the surgery. Keywords: Microsurgery, Prognostic factor, Vasectomy, Vasectomy reversal, Vasovasostomy
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