| Summary: | In this work, novel graphene/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (GR/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanocubes were prepared via one-pot solvothermal treatment, reduction reaction, and successive annealing technology at 600 °C step by step. Interestingly, In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with featured cubic morphology was observed to grow on multi-layered graphene nanosheets, forming novel GR/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocubes. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), etc. Further investigations demonstrated that a selective electrochemical sensor based on the prepared GR/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocubes can be achieved. By using the prepared GR/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based electrochemical sensor, the enantioselective and chem-selective performance, as well as the optimal conditions for L-Lysine detection in <i>Camellia nitidissima</i> Chi, were evaluated. The experimental results revealed that the GR/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocube-based electrochemical sensor showed good chiral recognition features for L-lysine in <i>Camellia nitidissima</i> Chi with a linear range of 0.23–30 μmol·L<sup>−1</sup>, together with selectivity and anti-interference properties for other different amino acids in <i>Camellia nitidissima</i> Chi.
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