Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking Water
As part of an intensified monitoring program for foodborne disease outbreaks in Finland, waterborne outbreaks were investigated for viruses. The diagnostic procedure included analysis of patients' stool samples by electron microscopy and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)...
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2005-11-01
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doaj-b65f0ed614c04a6882961a9eb2e141ab2020-11-24T22:15:44ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592005-11-0111111716172110.3201/eid1111.050487Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking WaterLeena MaunulaIlkka T. MiettinenCarl-Henrik von BonsdorffAs part of an intensified monitoring program for foodborne disease outbreaks in Finland, waterborne outbreaks were investigated for viruses. The diagnostic procedure included analysis of patients' stool samples by electron microscopy and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for noroviruses and astroviruses. When these test results were positive for a virus, the water sample was analyzed. Virus concentration was based on positively charged filters from 1-L samples. Of the total 41 waterborne outbreaks reported during the observation period (1998–2003), samples from 28 outbreaks were available for analysis. As judged by RT-PCR results from patient samples, noroviruses caused 18 outbreaks. In 10 outbreaks, the water sample also yielded a norovirus. In all but 1 instance, the amplicon sequence was identical to that recovered from the patients. The ubiquity of waterborne norovirus outbreaks calls for measures to monitor water for viruses.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/11/11/05-0487_articleNorovirusgastroenteritisreverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactiongenotypedisease outbreaksresearch |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Leena Maunula Ilkka T. Miettinen Carl-Henrik von Bonsdorff |
spellingShingle |
Leena Maunula Ilkka T. Miettinen Carl-Henrik von Bonsdorff Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking Water Emerging Infectious Diseases Norovirus gastroenteritis reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction genotype disease outbreaks research |
author_facet |
Leena Maunula Ilkka T. Miettinen Carl-Henrik von Bonsdorff |
author_sort |
Leena Maunula |
title |
Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking Water |
title_short |
Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking Water |
title_full |
Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking Water |
title_fullStr |
Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking Water |
title_full_unstemmed |
Norovirus Outbreaks from Drinking Water |
title_sort |
norovirus outbreaks from drinking water |
publisher |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
series |
Emerging Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1080-6040 1080-6059 |
publishDate |
2005-11-01 |
description |
As part of an intensified monitoring program for foodborne disease outbreaks in Finland, waterborne outbreaks were investigated for viruses. The diagnostic procedure included analysis of patients' stool samples by electron microscopy and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for noroviruses and astroviruses. When these test results were positive for a virus, the water sample was analyzed. Virus concentration was based on positively charged filters from 1-L samples. Of the total 41 waterborne outbreaks reported during the observation period (1998–2003), samples from 28 outbreaks were available for analysis. As judged by RT-PCR results from patient samples, noroviruses caused 18 outbreaks. In 10 outbreaks, the water sample also yielded a norovirus. In all but 1 instance, the amplicon sequence was identical to that recovered from the patients. The ubiquity of waterborne norovirus outbreaks calls for measures to monitor water for viruses. |
topic |
Norovirus gastroenteritis reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction genotype disease outbreaks research |
url |
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/11/11/05-0487_article |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT leenamaunula norovirusoutbreaksfromdrinkingwater AT ilkkatmiettinen norovirusoutbreaksfromdrinkingwater AT carlhenrikvonbonsdorff norovirusoutbreaksfromdrinkingwater |
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