Comparsion of Intravenous Lignocaine, Tramadol and Keterolac for Attenuation of Propofol Injection Pain
Introduction: Propofol possesses many characteristics of an ideal intravenous anaesthetic agent, providing a smooth induction and a rapid recovery. However, it has been reported to evoke considerable pain on injection in 10-100% of patients. The cause of pain upon intravenous injection of propof...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2016-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/8118/20444_CE[Ra1]_F(GH)_PF1(ROAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Propofol possesses many characteristics of
an ideal intravenous anaesthetic agent, providing a smooth
induction and a rapid recovery. However, it has been reported
to evoke considerable pain on injection in 10-100% of patients.
The cause of pain upon intravenous injection of propofol remains
a mystery.
Aim: To study and compare the efficacy of Lignocaine, Tramadol
and Ketorolac in minimizing the propofol injection pain.
Materials and Methods: Hundred adult patients (ASA grade
I and grade II) scheduled for elective surgery under general
anaesthesia with propofol as an inducing agent were considered
for the study. Patients were randomly divided into 4 groups of
25 patients each Group L (lignocaine) Group T (tramadol) Group
K (ketorolac) and Group N (normal saline). Pain scores were
measured by the investigator immediately following injection of
propofol. All patients’ responses were graded by a verbal pain
score.
Results: All the results were tabulated and analysed using the
one-way ANOVA and z-test. There was no statistically significant
difference among group L (24%), T (28%) and K (28%) for pain
on injection, but significant difference of all 3 groups was there
when compared with group N.
Conclusion: Intravenous lignocaine, tramadol and ketorolac all
3 drugs significantly reduce propofol injection pain. However,
lignocaine appears to be more acceptable cause of less pain
and fewer side effects as compared to tramadol and ketorolac. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |