The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People

Physical exercise promotes many health benefits. However, its effects are not well known in a polluted environment. Thus, this study aimed to compare upper airway inflammatory responses between street runners and sedentary individuals. Twenty-eight volunteers were recruited: runners (<i>n</...

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Main Authors:	Lucas G. Pagani, Juliana M.B. Santos, Roberta Foster, Marcelo Rossi, Luiz A. Luna Junior, Catherine M. Katekaru, Matheus C. de Sá, Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Francine M. Almeida, Jonatas B. Amaral, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Dominique M.A. Bullens, Andre L.L. Bachi, Mauro Vaisberg
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2019-12-01
Series:	Atmosphere
Subjects:	particulate matter airway cytokines runners sedentary individuals inflammation
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/1/43

id	doaj-b6129e13779144a491f9a3ca79e22818
record_format	Article
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Lucas G. Pagani Juliana M.B. Santos Roberta Foster Marcelo Rossi Luiz A. Luna Junior Catherine M. Katekaru Matheus C. de Sá Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere Francine M. Almeida Jonatas B. Amaral Rodolfo P. Vieira Dominique M.A. Bullens Andre L.L. Bachi Mauro Vaisberg
spellingShingle	Lucas G. Pagani Juliana M.B. Santos Roberta Foster Marcelo Rossi Luiz A. Luna Junior Catherine M. Katekaru Matheus C. de Sá Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere Francine M. Almeida Jonatas B. Amaral Rodolfo P. Vieira Dominique M.A. Bullens Andre L.L. Bachi Mauro Vaisberg The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People Atmosphere particulate matter airway cytokines runners sedentary individuals inflammation
author_facet	Lucas G. Pagani Juliana M.B. Santos Roberta Foster Marcelo Rossi Luiz A. Luna Junior Catherine M. Katekaru Matheus C. de Sá Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere Francine M. Almeida Jonatas B. Amaral Rodolfo P. Vieira Dominique M.A. Bullens Andre L.L. Bachi Mauro Vaisberg
author_sort	Lucas G. Pagani
title	The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People
title_short	The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People
title_full	The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People
title_fullStr	The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People
title_full_unstemmed	The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People
title_sort	effect of particulate matter exposure on the inflammatory airway response of street runners and sedentary people
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Atmosphere
issn	2073-4433
publishDate	2019-12-01
description	Physical exercise promotes many health benefits. However, its effects are not well known in a polluted environment. Thus, this study aimed to compare upper airway inflammatory responses between street runners and sedentary individuals. Twenty-eight volunteers were recruited: runners (<i>n</i> = 14) and sedentary individuals (<i>n</i> = 14), who lived and worked in the same metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil. Particulate matter (PM) levels were monitored ten weeks before winter (low PM levels) and ten weeks after the beginning of winter (high PM levels) [PM<sub>10</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and PM<sub>2.5</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.0001)]. The cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A) levels in the nasal lavage and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were taken at the beginning of the winter (baseline) and ten weeks afterwards (after ten weeks of high PM exposure). IL-6 concentration increased in both runners (<i>p</i> = 0.037) and sedentary individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.027) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. IL-10 concentration increased in sedentary individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.037) while IL-17A levels were increased in runners (<i>p</i> = 0.001) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. FeNO levels decreased in runners (<i>p</i> = 0.025) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. Outdoor endurance training acts as an inducer of a differentiated immune response in the upper airways of runners compared to individuals with a sedentary lifestyle from the same community after elevated PM exposure.
topic	particulate matter airway cytokines runners sedentary individuals inflammation
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/1/43
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spelling	doaj-b6129e13779144a491f9a3ca79e228182020-11-25T00:13:22ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332019-12-011114310.3390/atmos11010043atmos11010043The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary PeopleLucas G. Pagani0Juliana M.B. Santos1Roberta Foster2Marcelo Rossi3Luiz A. Luna Junior4Catherine M. Katekaru5Matheus C. de Sá6Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere7Francine M. Almeida8Jonatas B. Amaral9Rodolfo P. Vieira10Dominique M.A. Bullens11Andre L.L. Bachi12Mauro Vaisberg13ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilKU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology research group, UZ Herestraat 49 box 811, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumMedicine School, São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo 01246-903, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilPost-graduation Program in Science of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Av. Ana Costa, 95-Vila Mathias-Santos, Sao Paulo 11060-001, BrazilKU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology research group, UZ Herestraat 49 box 811, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo 04025-002, BrazilPhysical exercise promotes many health benefits. However, its effects are not well known in a polluted environment. Thus, this study aimed to compare upper airway inflammatory responses between street runners and sedentary individuals. Twenty-eight volunteers were recruited: runners (<i>n</i> = 14) and sedentary individuals (<i>n</i> = 14), who lived and worked in the same metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil. Particulate matter (PM) levels were monitored ten weeks before winter (low PM levels) and ten weeks after the beginning of winter (high PM levels) [PM<sub>10</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and PM<sub>2.5</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.0001)]. The cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A) levels in the nasal lavage and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were taken at the beginning of the winter (baseline) and ten weeks afterwards (after ten weeks of high PM exposure). IL-6 concentration increased in both runners (<i>p</i> = 0.037) and sedentary individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.027) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. IL-10 concentration increased in sedentary individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.037) while IL-17A levels were increased in runners (<i>p</i> = 0.001) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. FeNO levels decreased in runners (<i>p</i> = 0.025) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. Outdoor endurance training acts as an inducer of a differentiated immune response in the upper airways of runners compared to individuals with a sedentary lifestyle from the same community after elevated PM exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/1/43particulate matterairwaycytokinesrunnerssedentary individualsinflammation

The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People

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