Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation

Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation

Human milk (HM) carbohydrates may affect infant appetite regulation, breastfeeding patterns, and body composition (BC). We investigated relationships between concentrations/calculated daily intakes (CDI) of HM carbohydrates in first year postpartum and maternal/term infant BC, as well as breastfeedi...

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Main Authors: Zoya Gridneva, Alethea Rea, Wan Jun Tie, Ching Tat Lai, Sambavi Kugananthan, Leigh C. Ward, Kevin Murray, Peter E. Hartmann, Donna T. Geddes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-06-01
Series:Nutrients
Subjects:
human milk carbohydrates
lactose
oligosaccharides
infant
body composition
lactation
daily intake
breastfeeding frequency
milk intake
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/7/1472
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spelling doaj-b6082281823f4b7d84eddf953a2281192020-11-25T00:12:12ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432019-06-01117147210.3390/nu11071472nu11071472Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of LactationZoya Gridneva0Alethea Rea1Wan Jun Tie2Ching Tat Lai3Sambavi Kugananthan4Leigh C. Ward5Kevin Murray6Peter E. Hartmann7Donna T. Geddes8School of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaCentre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaHuman milk (HM) carbohydrates may affect infant appetite regulation, breastfeeding patterns, and body composition (BC). We investigated relationships between concentrations/calculated daily intakes (CDI) of HM carbohydrates in first year postpartum and maternal/term infant BC, as well as breastfeeding parameters. BC of dyads (<i>n</i> = 20) was determined at 2, 5, 9, and/or 12 months postpartum using ultrasound skinfolds (infants) and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (infants/mothers). Breastfeeding frequency, 24-h milk intake and total carbohydrates (TCH) and lactose were measured to calculate HM oligosaccharides (HMO) concentration and CDI of carbohydrates. Statistical analysis used linear regression/mixed effects models; results were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Higher TCH concentrations were associated with greater infant length, weight, fat-free mass (FFM), and FFM index (FFMI), and decreased fat mass (FM), FM index (FMI), %FM and FM/FFM ratio. Higher HMO concentrations were associated with greater infant FFM and FFMI, and decreased FMI, %FM, and FM/FFM ratio. Higher TCH CDI were associated with greater FM, FMI, %FM, and FM/FFM ratio, and decreased infant FFMI. Higher lactose CDI were associated with greater FM, FMI, %FM, and FM/FFM, ratio and decreased FFMI. Concentrations and intakes of HM carbohydrates differentially influence development of infant BC in the first 12 months postpartum, and may potentially influence risk of later obesity via modulation of BC.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/7/1472human milk carbohydrateslactoseoligosaccharidesinfantbody compositionlactationdaily intakebreastfeeding frequencymilk intake
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Zoya Gridneva
Alethea Rea
Wan Jun Tie
Ching Tat Lai
Sambavi Kugananthan
Leigh C. Ward
Kevin Murray
Peter E. Hartmann
Donna T. Geddes
spellingShingle Zoya Gridneva
Alethea Rea
Wan Jun Tie
Ching Tat Lai
Sambavi Kugananthan
Leigh C. Ward
Kevin Murray
Peter E. Hartmann
Donna T. Geddes
Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation
Nutrients
human milk carbohydrates
lactose
oligosaccharides
infant
body composition
lactation
daily intake
breastfeeding frequency
milk intake
author_facet Zoya Gridneva
Alethea Rea
Wan Jun Tie
Ching Tat Lai
Sambavi Kugananthan
Leigh C. Ward
Kevin Murray
Peter E. Hartmann
Donna T. Geddes
author_sort Zoya Gridneva
title Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation
title_short Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation
title_full Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation
title_fullStr Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation
title_full_unstemmed Carbohydrates in Human Milk and Body Composition of Term Infants during the First 12 Months of Lactation
title_sort carbohydrates in human milk and body composition of term infants during the first 12 months of lactation
publisher MDPI AG
series Nutrients
issn 2072-6643
publishDate 2019-06-01
description Human milk (HM) carbohydrates may affect infant appetite regulation, breastfeeding patterns, and body composition (BC). We investigated relationships between concentrations/calculated daily intakes (CDI) of HM carbohydrates in first year postpartum and maternal/term infant BC, as well as breastfeeding parameters. BC of dyads (<i>n</i> = 20) was determined at 2, 5, 9, and/or 12 months postpartum using ultrasound skinfolds (infants) and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (infants/mothers). Breastfeeding frequency, 24-h milk intake and total carbohydrates (TCH) and lactose were measured to calculate HM oligosaccharides (HMO) concentration and CDI of carbohydrates. Statistical analysis used linear regression/mixed effects models; results were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Higher TCH concentrations were associated with greater infant length, weight, fat-free mass (FFM), and FFM index (FFMI), and decreased fat mass (FM), FM index (FMI), %FM and FM/FFM ratio. Higher HMO concentrations were associated with greater infant FFM and FFMI, and decreased FMI, %FM, and FM/FFM ratio. Higher TCH CDI were associated with greater FM, FMI, %FM, and FM/FFM ratio, and decreased infant FFMI. Higher lactose CDI were associated with greater FM, FMI, %FM, and FM/FFM, ratio and decreased FFMI. Concentrations and intakes of HM carbohydrates differentially influence development of infant BC in the first 12 months postpartum, and may potentially influence risk of later obesity via modulation of BC.
topic human milk carbohydrates
lactose
oligosaccharides
infant
body composition
lactation
daily intake
breastfeeding frequency
milk intake
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/7/1472
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