Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scan

Globally, 1.3 billion peoples use tobacco products daily, most of them from low- and middle-income countries. Every year, 8 million of the population died because of the usage of tobacco, as per the WHO report. Tobacco-related diseases, likely lung cancer, emphysema chronic obstructive pulmonary dis...

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Main Authors: Manikandan Sathiyaseelan, Krishnan Srinivasan, Jeneth Berlin Raj, Pajanivel Ranganadin, Balanehru Subramanian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2021-01-01
Series:Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.eurasianjpulmonol.com/article.asp?issn=2148-5402;year=2021;volume=23;issue=2;spage=77;epage=82;aulast=Sathiyaseelan
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spelling doaj-b5e0ba8e616540339b9ad7eeeea72c732021-08-20T06:03:35ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsEurasian Journal of Pulmonology 2148-54022148-54022021-01-01232778210.4103/ejop.ejop_108_20Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scanManikandan SathiyaseelanKrishnan SrinivasanJeneth Berlin RajPajanivel RanganadinBalanehru SubramanianGlobally, 1.3 billion peoples use tobacco products daily, most of them from low- and middle-income countries. Every year, 8 million of the population died because of the usage of tobacco, as per the WHO report. Tobacco-related diseases, likely lung cancer, emphysema chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic respiratory diseases, are more common. Nicotine is a highly addictive chemical found in the tobacco plant and also in all other tobacco products. All tobacco products contain nicotine that causes the release of dopamine in the pleasure and motivation areas of the brain. Both smoking and smokeless tobacco products contain many harmful chemicals that affect the lung mucociliary clearance and also inactivate the immune system and lead to increases in the risk of infection and the development of deleterious bacterial growth in the lungs. In the lung microbiome, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial species were found to a higher level in smoking tobacco users as that may increase morbidity and mortality. The lung microbiome changes taking place in the lung due to smokeless tobacco usage are less documented so far. In future research, microbiome studies help to understand disease pathogenesis.http://www.eurasianjpulmonol.com/article.asp?issn=2148-5402;year=2021;volume=23;issue=2;spage=77;epage=82;aulast=Sathiyaseelanbacterial growthinflammatory changestobacco users
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Manikandan Sathiyaseelan
Krishnan Srinivasan
Jeneth Berlin Raj
Pajanivel Ranganadin
Balanehru Subramanian
spellingShingle Manikandan Sathiyaseelan
Krishnan Srinivasan
Jeneth Berlin Raj
Pajanivel Ranganadin
Balanehru Subramanian
Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scan
Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology
bacterial growth
inflammatory changes
tobacco users
author_facet Manikandan Sathiyaseelan
Krishnan Srinivasan
Jeneth Berlin Raj
Pajanivel Ranganadin
Balanehru Subramanian
author_sort Manikandan Sathiyaseelan
title Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scan
title_short Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scan
title_full Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scan
title_fullStr Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scan
title_full_unstemmed Potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : A technical scan
title_sort potential health impacts and lung microbiome changes among smoking and smokeless tobacco use : a technical scan
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
series Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology
issn 2148-5402
2148-5402
publishDate 2021-01-01
description Globally, 1.3 billion peoples use tobacco products daily, most of them from low- and middle-income countries. Every year, 8 million of the population died because of the usage of tobacco, as per the WHO report. Tobacco-related diseases, likely lung cancer, emphysema chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic respiratory diseases, are more common. Nicotine is a highly addictive chemical found in the tobacco plant and also in all other tobacco products. All tobacco products contain nicotine that causes the release of dopamine in the pleasure and motivation areas of the brain. Both smoking and smokeless tobacco products contain many harmful chemicals that affect the lung mucociliary clearance and also inactivate the immune system and lead to increases in the risk of infection and the development of deleterious bacterial growth in the lungs. In the lung microbiome, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial species were found to a higher level in smoking tobacco users as that may increase morbidity and mortality. The lung microbiome changes taking place in the lung due to smokeless tobacco usage are less documented so far. In future research, microbiome studies help to understand disease pathogenesis.
topic bacterial growth
inflammatory changes
tobacco users
url http://www.eurasianjpulmonol.com/article.asp?issn=2148-5402;year=2021;volume=23;issue=2;spage=77;epage=82;aulast=Sathiyaseelan
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