Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China

Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China

Negative ion-based cloud seeding has been shown to be an effective means in the laboratory. China’s first negative ion-based cloud seeding outfield trial was conducted in the northwestern interior. This paper briefly introduces the principle of the ion-based precipitation enhancement, and the trial...

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Main Authors: Wei Zheng, Hengben Ma, Ming Zhang, Fengming Xue, Kexun Yu, Yong Yang, Shaoxiang Ma, Chuliang Wang, Yuan Pan, Zhiliang Shu, Jianhua Mu, Wenqing Yang, Xianzhi Yin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
Series:Water
Subjects:
negative ion
cloud seeding
artificial precipitation
effect evaluation
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/18/2473
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record_format Article
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Wei Zheng
Hengben Ma
Ming Zhang
Fengming Xue
Kexun Yu
Yong Yang
Shaoxiang Ma
Chuliang Wang
Yuan Pan
Zhiliang Shu
Jianhua Mu
Wenqing Yang
Xianzhi Yin
spellingShingle Wei Zheng
Hengben Ma
Ming Zhang
Fengming Xue
Kexun Yu
Yong Yang
Shaoxiang Ma
Chuliang Wang
Yuan Pan
Zhiliang Shu
Jianhua Mu
Wenqing Yang
Xianzhi Yin
Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China
Water
negative ion
cloud seeding
artificial precipitation
effect evaluation
author_facet Wei Zheng
Hengben Ma
Ming Zhang
Fengming Xue
Kexun Yu
Yong Yang
Shaoxiang Ma
Chuliang Wang
Yuan Pan
Zhiliang Shu
Jianhua Mu
Wenqing Yang
Xianzhi Yin
author_sort Wei Zheng
title Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China
title_short Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China
title_full Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China
title_fullStr Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in China
title_sort evaluation of the first negative ion-based cloud seeding and rain enhancement trial in china
publisher MDPI AG
series Water
issn 2073-4441
publishDate 2021-09-01
description Negative ion-based cloud seeding has been shown to be an effective means in the laboratory. China’s first negative ion-based cloud seeding outfield trial was conducted in the northwestern interior. This paper briefly introduces the principle of the ion-based precipitation enhancement, and the trial location is described. The design of the ionization system and meteorological monitoring network are presented. The implementation plan of the outfield trial is explained. In addition, the evaluation of experimental effects is detailed in this paper. We designed various analytical methods to investigate both the overall precipitation variation of the experimental area and the precipitation variation within the experimental area. The overall precipitation of the experimental area was predicted using a neural network, and then the actual precipitation was compared with the predicted precipitation to evaluate the effectiveness of the experiment. The effectiveness of the experiment was also evaluated using historical precipitation data and the result of the randomized comparative trial. This paper also explores the effects of geographic location differences and wind direction differences on the precipitation differences within the trial area. The changes in the number of negative ions and clouds in the sky were also analyzed. From these analyses, we obtained quantitative assessment results. These results could indicate that the outfield trial basically met the expected requirements, which is to increase the rainfall of the trial area by 20%.
topic negative ion
cloud seeding
artificial precipitation
effect evaluation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/18/2473
work_keys_str_mv AT weizheng evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT hengbenma evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT mingzhang evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT fengmingxue evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT kexunyu evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT yongyang evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT shaoxiangma evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT chuliangwang evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT yuanpan evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT zhiliangshu evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT jianhuamu evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT wenqingyang evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
AT xianzhiyin evaluationofthefirstnegativeionbasedcloudseedingandrainenhancementtrialinchina
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spelling doaj-b3f86f9ed72d4a9f8bedd21d2fcaf5c92021-09-26T01:38:30ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-09-01132473247310.3390/w13182473Evaluation of the First Negative Ion-Based Cloud Seeding and Rain Enhancement Trial in ChinaWei Zheng0Hengben Ma1Ming Zhang2Fengming Xue3Kexun Yu4Yong Yang5Shaoxiang Ma6Chuliang Wang7Yuan Pan8Zhiliang Shu9Jianhua Mu10Wenqing Yang11Xianzhi Yin12International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaInternational Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaKey Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions, China Inspection Body and Laboratory Mandatory Approval, Yinchuan 750002, ChinaKey Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions, China Inspection Body and Laboratory Mandatory Approval, Yinchuan 750002, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Wushaoling Meteorological Station, Wuwei 733000, ChinaGansu Weather Modification Office, Lanzhou 730020, ChinaNegative ion-based cloud seeding has been shown to be an effective means in the laboratory. China’s first negative ion-based cloud seeding outfield trial was conducted in the northwestern interior. This paper briefly introduces the principle of the ion-based precipitation enhancement, and the trial location is described. The design of the ionization system and meteorological monitoring network are presented. The implementation plan of the outfield trial is explained. In addition, the evaluation of experimental effects is detailed in this paper. We designed various analytical methods to investigate both the overall precipitation variation of the experimental area and the precipitation variation within the experimental area. The overall precipitation of the experimental area was predicted using a neural network, and then the actual precipitation was compared with the predicted precipitation to evaluate the effectiveness of the experiment. The effectiveness of the experiment was also evaluated using historical precipitation data and the result of the randomized comparative trial. This paper also explores the effects of geographic location differences and wind direction differences on the precipitation differences within the trial area. The changes in the number of negative ions and clouds in the sky were also analyzed. From these analyses, we obtained quantitative assessment results. These results could indicate that the outfield trial basically met the expected requirements, which is to increase the rainfall of the trial area by 20%.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/18/2473negative ioncloud seedingartificial precipitationeffect evaluation

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