| Summary: | We conducted systemic assessments on the toxicity of silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles using different forms of normal colon cells (CCD-18Co), in vivo and in human colon organoids. The in vivo acute oral toxicity data showed that the LD<sub>50</sub> values are greater than 2000 mg/kg for both the SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles; however, the SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity in two-dimensional CCD-18Co cells and three-dimensional CCD-18Co spheroids and human colon organoids, with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 0.6, 0.8 and 0.3 mM for SiO<sub>2</sub> and 2.5, 1.1 and 12.5 mM for TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles, respectively. The data suggest that, when SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> are in nanoparticle form, cytotoxicity is induced; thus, care should be taken with these materials.
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