Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data

Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data

We analyzed the recession of the Milam glacier in the Gori Ganga valley, Uttarakhand Himalaya, using historical plane-table survey maps, topographical maps, Corona image (1968), Landsat 5 TM (1990), Landsat 7 ETM+ (2001), and Sentinel 2 (2017) satellite data. We estimate that the Milam glacier has r...

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Main Authors: Suraj Mal, Manish Mehta, R. B. Singh, Udo Schickhoff, M. P. S. Bisht
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Environmental Science
Subjects:
Milam glacier
Gori Ganga
climate change
morphological changes
Himalaya
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00042/full
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spelling doaj-b2cb698fe9f24115a525ef2e666583b72020-11-25T00:32:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2019-04-01710.3389/fenvs.2019.00042380587Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite DataSuraj Mal0Suraj Mal1Manish Mehta2R. B. Singh3Udo Schickhoff4M. P. S. Bisht5CEN Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Institute of Geography, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Geography, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, University of Delhi, >New Delhi, IndiaCentre for Glaciology, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, IndiaDepartment of Geography, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IndiaCEN Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Institute of Geography, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Geology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, IndiaWe analyzed the recession of the Milam glacier in the Gori Ganga valley, Uttarakhand Himalaya, using historical plane-table survey maps, topographical maps, Corona image (1968), Landsat 5 TM (1990), Landsat 7 ETM+ (2001), and Sentinel 2 (2017) satellite data. We estimate that the Milam glacier has receded by 1565.4 ± 20.6 m (31.9 ± 0.4 m a−1) over the period 1968–2017, while lower recession rate (21.1 ± 1.7 m a−1) was observed between 2001 and 2017. The Milam glacier lost 2.27 ± 0.06 km2 of its area from 1968 to 2017 due to recession. Two tributary glaciers detached from the main trunk between 1990 and 2017, which indicates glacier thinning and melting. The glacier recession also resulted in deformation of moraine ridges on either sides in lower ablation zone of Milam glacier, which is caused due to the removal of basal ice support caused by glacier melting.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00042/fullMilam glacierGori Gangaclimate changemorphological changesHimalaya
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Suraj Mal
Suraj Mal
Manish Mehta
R. B. Singh
Udo Schickhoff
M. P. S. Bisht
spellingShingle Suraj Mal
Suraj Mal
Manish Mehta
R. B. Singh
Udo Schickhoff
M. P. S. Bisht
Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data
Frontiers in Environmental Science
Milam glacier
Gori Ganga
climate change
morphological changes
Himalaya
author_facet Suraj Mal
Suraj Mal
Manish Mehta
R. B. Singh
Udo Schickhoff
M. P. S. Bisht
author_sort Suraj Mal
title Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data
title_short Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data
title_full Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data
title_fullStr Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data
title_full_unstemmed Recession and Morphological Changes of the Debris-Covered Milam Glacier in Gori Ganga Valley, Central Himalaya, India, Derived From Satellite Data
title_sort recession and morphological changes of the debris-covered milam glacier in gori ganga valley, central himalaya, india, derived from satellite data
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Environmental Science
issn 2296-665X
publishDate 2019-04-01
description We analyzed the recession of the Milam glacier in the Gori Ganga valley, Uttarakhand Himalaya, using historical plane-table survey maps, topographical maps, Corona image (1968), Landsat 5 TM (1990), Landsat 7 ETM+ (2001), and Sentinel 2 (2017) satellite data. We estimate that the Milam glacier has receded by 1565.4 ± 20.6 m (31.9 ± 0.4 m a−1) over the period 1968–2017, while lower recession rate (21.1 ± 1.7 m a−1) was observed between 2001 and 2017. The Milam glacier lost 2.27 ± 0.06 km2 of its area from 1968 to 2017 due to recession. Two tributary glaciers detached from the main trunk between 1990 and 2017, which indicates glacier thinning and melting. The glacier recession also resulted in deformation of moraine ridges on either sides in lower ablation zone of Milam glacier, which is caused due to the removal of basal ice support caused by glacier melting.
topic Milam glacier
Gori Ganga
climate change
morphological changes
Himalaya
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00042/full
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