| Summary: | <p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of therapeutic adherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) is a complex process influenced by multiple factors related to the patient, the disease, the drug, the environment and the doctor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the level of adherence to HAART and some related variables in people with HIV / AIDS in a health area.</p><p><strong>Material and Methods: </strong>A descriptive study was carried out in 153 patients aged 18 and over with HIV / AIDS diagnosis that received medical assistance at <em>“Marcios Manduley”</em> Polyclinic in Centro Habana municipality from January to December 2018. Data were obtained from individual medical records; the simplified medication adherence questionnaire (SMAQ) was applied to complement the information. The Chi-square test (c<sup>2</sup>) was used with statistical significance, p = 0.05; variables whose coefficients were significantly different from 0 (p <0.05) were identified and the degree of correlation between variables was obtained using Kendall´s correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that<strong> </strong>70.5% of people had good adherence to HAART. There was statistical association and moderate direct relationship between therapeutic adherence and younger age patients, weak direct relationship with the longest duration of treatment and a slight direct relationship with the presence of adverse reactions.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study allowed us to identify that the level of therapeutic adherence to HAART was adequate using the SMAQ questionnaire. It is related to some variables, showing results that are consistent with other studies consulted.</p>
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