Polymorphisms in <i>EGFR</i> Gene Predict Clinical Outcome in Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy and Platinum-Based Chemoradiotherapy

• Main Authors: Dorota Butkiewicz, Małgorzata Krześniak, Agnieszka Gdowicz-Kłosok, Monika Giglok, Małgorzata Marszałek-Zeńczak, Rafał Suwiński
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-05-01
• Series: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Subjects: EGFR; polymorphism; lung cancer; radiotherapy; prognosis; therapy outcome
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/11/5605
• ISSN: 1661-6596; 1422-0067

For non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), radiotherapy (RT) and platinum-based chemotherapy (CHT) are among the main treatment options. On the other hand, radioresistance and cytotoxic drug resistance are common causes of failure. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in radioresponse and therapy resistance. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the <i>EGFR</i> gene might affect individual sensitivity to these treatments, and thus, therapy outcome and prognosis. The association between functional <i>EGFR</i> SNPs and overall (OS), locoregional recurrence-free (LFRS), and metastasis-free (MFS) survival was examined in 436 patients with unresectable NSCLC receiving RT and platinum-based CHTRT. In a multivariate analysis, the rs712830 CC homozygotes showed reduced OS in the whole group (<i>p</i> = 0.039) and in the curative treatment subset (<i>p</i> = 0.047). The rs712829 TT genotype was strongly associated with decreased LRFS (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and the T-C haplotype was a risk factor for locoregional recurrence in our patients (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The rs2227983 GG alone and in combination with rs712829 T was an indicator of unfavorable LRFS (<i>p</i> = 0.028 and 0.002, respectively). Moreover, significant independent effects of these SNPs on OS, LRFS, and MFS were observed. Our results demonstrate that inherited <i>EGFR</i> gene variants may predict clinical outcomes in NSCLC treated with DNA damage-inducing therapy.