Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.

Interannual variability (IAV) in net ecosystem carbon production (NEP) plays an important role in the processes of the carbon cycle, but the long-term trends in NEP and the climatic and biotic control of IAV in NEP still remain unclear in agroecosystems. We investigated interannual variability in NE...

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Main Authors: Hui Zhang, Tianhong Zhao, Sidan Lyu, Hang Wu, Yang Yang, Xuefa Wen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237684
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spelling doaj-b18e434d75f140ed9de684919b8264032021-05-28T04:30:59ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01165e023768410.1371/journal.pone.0237684Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.Hui ZhangTianhong ZhaoSidan LyuHang WuYang YangXuefa WenInterannual variability (IAV) in net ecosystem carbon production (NEP) plays an important role in the processes of the carbon cycle, but the long-term trends in NEP and the climatic and biotic control of IAV in NEP still remain unclear in agroecosystems. We investigated interannual variability in NEP, expressed as annual values and anomalies, and its climatic and biotic controls using an eddy-covariance dataset for 2005-2018 for rain-fed spring maize in northeastern China. Average annual NEP was 270±31 g C m-2yr -1, with no significant changes over time. The effects on interannual variability in NEP of gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) that was mainly controlled by soil water content (SWC) and leaf area index (LAI), were more than those of respiration (RE) that was controlled by temperature and LAI. Further, maximum daily NEP (NEPmax) that was dominated by summer vapor pressure deficit explained the largest fraction of annual anomalies in NEP, followed by carbon dioxide uptake period (CUP) that was defined by the beginning date (BDOY) and the end date (EDOY) of CUP. The variability in BDOY was mainly determined by spring precipitation and the effective accumulated temperature, and the variability in EDOY was determined by autumn precipitation, SWC and LAI. NEP may decrease with declining precipitation in the future due to decreasing GEP, NEPmax, or CUP, and irrigation and residues cover may be useful in efforts to maintain current NEP levels. Our results indicate that interannual variability in NEP in agroecosystems may be more sensitive to changes in water conditions (such as precipitation, SWC and VPD) induced by climate changes, while temperature may be an important indirect factor when VPD is dominated.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237684
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Hui Zhang
Tianhong Zhao
Sidan Lyu
Hang Wu
Yang Yang
Xuefa Wen
spellingShingle Hui Zhang
Tianhong Zhao
Sidan Lyu
Hang Wu
Yang Yang
Xuefa Wen
Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Hui Zhang
Tianhong Zhao
Sidan Lyu
Hang Wu
Yang Yang
Xuefa Wen
author_sort Hui Zhang
title Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.
title_short Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.
title_full Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.
title_fullStr Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.
title_full_unstemmed Interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.
title_sort interannual variability in net ecosystem carbon production in a rain-fed maize ecosystem and its climatic and biotic controls during 2005-2018.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2021-01-01
description Interannual variability (IAV) in net ecosystem carbon production (NEP) plays an important role in the processes of the carbon cycle, but the long-term trends in NEP and the climatic and biotic control of IAV in NEP still remain unclear in agroecosystems. We investigated interannual variability in NEP, expressed as annual values and anomalies, and its climatic and biotic controls using an eddy-covariance dataset for 2005-2018 for rain-fed spring maize in northeastern China. Average annual NEP was 270±31 g C m-2yr -1, with no significant changes over time. The effects on interannual variability in NEP of gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) that was mainly controlled by soil water content (SWC) and leaf area index (LAI), were more than those of respiration (RE) that was controlled by temperature and LAI. Further, maximum daily NEP (NEPmax) that was dominated by summer vapor pressure deficit explained the largest fraction of annual anomalies in NEP, followed by carbon dioxide uptake period (CUP) that was defined by the beginning date (BDOY) and the end date (EDOY) of CUP. The variability in BDOY was mainly determined by spring precipitation and the effective accumulated temperature, and the variability in EDOY was determined by autumn precipitation, SWC and LAI. NEP may decrease with declining precipitation in the future due to decreasing GEP, NEPmax, or CUP, and irrigation and residues cover may be useful in efforts to maintain current NEP levels. Our results indicate that interannual variability in NEP in agroecosystems may be more sensitive to changes in water conditions (such as precipitation, SWC and VPD) induced by climate changes, while temperature may be an important indirect factor when VPD is dominated.
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237684
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