Modulation of innate immune mechanisms to enhance vaccine induced immunity: Role of co-inhibitory molecules

Modulation of innate immune mechanisms to enhance vaccine induced immunity: Role of co-inhibitory molecules

No licensed human vaccines are currently available against any parasitic disease including leishmaniasis. Several anti-leishmanial vaccine formulations have been tested in various animal models including genetically modified live attenuated parasite vaccines. Experimental infection studies have show...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sreenivas eGannavaram, Parna eBhattacharya, Nevien eIsmail, Amit eKaul, Rakesh eSingh, Hira eNakhasi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Leishmania
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
Vaccines
CTLA-4
PD-1
PD-L1
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00187/full

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