| Summary: | The celebration of the melting pot and cosmopolitanism of Marseilles and "communities" coexisting peacefully became in the 1990s and 2000s a powerful vehicle of social representations through the local, national and foreign media, literature, music and artistic disciplines, political institutions, the common discourse, and social sciences. According to these words, so there would be in Marseille "communities" whose statement of their peaceful coexistence would be the natural complement cosmopolitanism. The invention of the Marseilles cosmopolitanism and "communities" in their peacemaking and consensual form conceals however that all the "communities" are not constructed and legitimated in the same way by association-community actors and do not receive the same benefits and recognition by political and institutional authorities.
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