Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia

Patients with diabetes mellitus exhibit hyperglucagonemia, or excess glucagon secretion, which may be the underlying cause of the hyperglycemia of diabetes. Defective alpha cell secretory responses to glucose and paracrine effectors in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes may drive the development of hyp...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Farzad Asadi, Savita Dhanvantari
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-01
Series:	Frontiers in Endocrinology
Subjects:	glucagon secretion trafficking alpha cell hyperglucagonemia proglucagon processing
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.726368/full

id	doaj-adaeafd7f93a40548911c602f4584cdc
record_format	Article
spelling	doaj-adaeafd7f93a40548911c602f4584cdc2021-09-29T05:51:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922021-09-011210.3389/fendo.2021.726368726368Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for HyperglucagonemiaFarzad Asadi0Farzad Asadi1Savita Dhanvantari2Savita Dhanvantari3Savita Dhanvantari4Savita Dhanvantari5Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, CanadaProgram in Metabolism and Diabetes, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, CanadaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, CanadaProgram in Metabolism and Diabetes, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, CanadaImaging Research Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, CanadaDepartment of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, CanadaPatients with diabetes mellitus exhibit hyperglucagonemia, or excess glucagon secretion, which may be the underlying cause of the hyperglycemia of diabetes. Defective alpha cell secretory responses to glucose and paracrine effectors in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes may drive the development of hyperglucagonemia. Therefore, uncovering the mechanisms that regulate glucagon secretion from the pancreatic alpha cell is critical for developing improved treatments for diabetes. In this review, we focus on aspects of alpha cell biology for possible mechanisms for alpha cell dysfunction in diabetes: proglucagon processing, intrinsic and paracrine control of glucagon secretion, secretory granule dynamics, and alterations in intracellular trafficking. We explore possible clues gleaned from these studies in how inhibition of glucagon secretion can be targeted as a treatment for diabetes mellitus.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.726368/fullglucagonsecretiontraffickingalpha cellhyperglucagonemiaproglucagon processing
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Farzad Asadi Farzad Asadi Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari
spellingShingle	Farzad Asadi Farzad Asadi Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia Frontiers in Endocrinology glucagon secretion trafficking alpha cell hyperglucagonemia proglucagon processing
author_facet	Farzad Asadi Farzad Asadi Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari Savita Dhanvantari
author_sort	Farzad Asadi
title	Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia
title_short	Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia
title_full	Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia
title_fullStr	Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia
title_full_unstemmed	Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia
title_sort	pathways of glucagon secretion and trafficking in the pancreatic alpha cell: novel pathways, proteins, and targets for hyperglucagonemia
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
series	Frontiers in Endocrinology
issn	1664-2392
publishDate	2021-09-01
description	Patients with diabetes mellitus exhibit hyperglucagonemia, or excess glucagon secretion, which may be the underlying cause of the hyperglycemia of diabetes. Defective alpha cell secretory responses to glucose and paracrine effectors in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes may drive the development of hyperglucagonemia. Therefore, uncovering the mechanisms that regulate glucagon secretion from the pancreatic alpha cell is critical for developing improved treatments for diabetes. In this review, we focus on aspects of alpha cell biology for possible mechanisms for alpha cell dysfunction in diabetes: proglucagon processing, intrinsic and paracrine control of glucagon secretion, secretory granule dynamics, and alterations in intracellular trafficking. We explore possible clues gleaned from these studies in how inhibition of glucagon secretion can be targeted as a treatment for diabetes mellitus.
topic	glucagon secretion trafficking alpha cell hyperglucagonemia proglucagon processing
url	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.726368/full
work_keys_str_mv	AT farzadasadi pathwaysofglucagonsecretionandtraffickinginthepancreaticalphacellnovelpathwaysproteinsandtargetsforhyperglucagonemia AT farzadasadi pathwaysofglucagonsecretionandtraffickinginthepancreaticalphacellnovelpathwaysproteinsandtargetsforhyperglucagonemia AT savitadhanvantari pathwaysofglucagonsecretionandtraffickinginthepancreaticalphacellnovelpathwaysproteinsandtargetsforhyperglucagonemia AT savitadhanvantari pathwaysofglucagonsecretionandtraffickinginthepancreaticalphacellnovelpathwaysproteinsandtargetsforhyperglucagonemia AT savitadhanvantari pathwaysofglucagonsecretionandtraffickinginthepancreaticalphacellnovelpathwaysproteinsandtargetsforhyperglucagonemia AT savitadhanvantari pathwaysofglucagonsecretionandtraffickinginthepancreaticalphacellnovelpathwaysproteinsandtargetsforhyperglucagonemia
_version_	1716864652418220032

Pathways of Glucagon Secretion and Trafficking in the Pancreatic Alpha Cell: Novel Pathways, Proteins, and Targets for Hyperglucagonemia

Similar Items