Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux

Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux

The entropy generation based on the second law of thermodynamics is investigated for turbulent forced convection flow of ZrO2-water nanofluid through a square pipe with constant wall heat flux. Effects of different particle concentrations, inlet conditions and particle sizes on entropy generation of...

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Main Authors: Hooman Yarmand, Goodarz Ahmadi, Samira Gharehkhani, Salim Newaz Kazi, Mohammad Reza Safaei, Maryam Sadat Alehashem, Abu Bakar Mahat
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2014-11-01
Series:Entropy
Subjects:
entropy generation, nanofluid, turbulent flow
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/16/11/6116
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spelling doaj-ad6f501daebe4ee59fae9185880d50792020-11-24T22:34:41ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002014-11-0116116116613210.3390/e16116116e16116116Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat FluxHooman Yarmand0Goodarz Ahmadi1Samira Gharehkhani2Salim Newaz Kazi3Mohammad Reza Safaei4Maryam Sadat Alehashem5Abu Bakar Mahat6Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaThe entropy generation based on the second law of thermodynamics is investigated for turbulent forced convection flow of ZrO2-water nanofluid through a square pipe with constant wall heat flux. Effects of different particle concentrations, inlet conditions and particle sizes on entropy generation of ZrO2-water nanofluid are studied. Contributions from frictional and thermal entropy generations are investigated, and the optimal working condition is analyzed. The results show that the optimal volume concentration of nanoparticles to minimize the entropy generation increases when the Reynolds number decreases. It was also found that the thermal entropy generation increases with the increase of nanoparticle size whereas the frictional entropy generation decreases. Finally, the entropy generation of ZrO2-water was compared with that from other nanofluids (including Al2O3, SiO2 and CuO nanoparticles in water). The results showed that the SiO2 provided the highest entropy generation.http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/16/11/6116entropy generation, nanofluid, turbulent flow
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Hooman Yarmand
Goodarz Ahmadi
Samira Gharehkhani
Salim Newaz Kazi
Mohammad Reza Safaei
Maryam Sadat Alehashem
Abu Bakar Mahat
spellingShingle Hooman Yarmand
Goodarz Ahmadi
Samira Gharehkhani
Salim Newaz Kazi
Mohammad Reza Safaei
Maryam Sadat Alehashem
Abu Bakar Mahat
Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux
Entropy
entropy generation, nanofluid, turbulent flow
author_facet Hooman Yarmand
Goodarz Ahmadi
Samira Gharehkhani
Salim Newaz Kazi
Mohammad Reza Safaei
Maryam Sadat Alehashem
Abu Bakar Mahat
author_sort Hooman Yarmand
title Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux
title_short Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux
title_full Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux
title_fullStr Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux
title_full_unstemmed Entropy Generation during Turbulent Flow of Zirconia-water and Other Nanofluids in a Square Cross Section Tube with a Constant Heat Flux
title_sort entropy generation during turbulent flow of zirconia-water and other nanofluids in a square cross section tube with a constant heat flux
publisher MDPI AG
series Entropy
issn 1099-4300
publishDate 2014-11-01
description The entropy generation based on the second law of thermodynamics is investigated for turbulent forced convection flow of ZrO2-water nanofluid through a square pipe with constant wall heat flux. Effects of different particle concentrations, inlet conditions and particle sizes on entropy generation of ZrO2-water nanofluid are studied. Contributions from frictional and thermal entropy generations are investigated, and the optimal working condition is analyzed. The results show that the optimal volume concentration of nanoparticles to minimize the entropy generation increases when the Reynolds number decreases. It was also found that the thermal entropy generation increases with the increase of nanoparticle size whereas the frictional entropy generation decreases. Finally, the entropy generation of ZrO2-water was compared with that from other nanofluids (including Al2O3, SiO2 and CuO nanoparticles in water). The results showed that the SiO2 provided the highest entropy generation.
topic entropy generation, nanofluid, turbulent flow
url http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/16/11/6116
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