Narrating a Valley in Max Frisch’s <i>Der Mensch erscheint im Holozän</i>: Material Agency, Rain, and the Geologic Past

• Main Author: Kiley M. Kost
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-03-01
• Series: Humanities
• Subjects: material ecocriticism; rain; geology; scale; Max Frisch; <i>Der Mensch erscheint im Holozän</i>
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0787/10/1/43

The complex narrative composition of image and text in Max Frisch’s <i>Der Mensch erscheint im Holozän</i> discloses entanglements between humans and nonhuman entities that impact the narrative and that demand careful consideration. The story depicts the aging protagonist’s struggle with memory loss and his careful examination of the valley’s mountain formations in fear of a landslide. In this analysis, I show that both of these threats can be read as entangled with nonhuman agents. By focusing on the material dimension of the text, two central and related shifts occur: the background element of rain becomes foregrounded in the narrative, and the natural formations of the valley that are assumed to be static are revealed to be dynamic. These shifts lead to an interpretation of Frisch’s text focused on the impacts of rain and the temporal scale of the text’s geologic dimension. Approaching the text through the lens of material ecocriticism unveils the multiple agencies at play, decenters the human, and illustrates the embodied experience of climate change.