Biology, Ecology, and Pest Management of the Tarnished Plant Bug, <i>Lygus lineolaris</i> (Palisot de Beauvois) in Southern Row Crops

• Main Authors: Justin George, James P. Glover, Jeffrey Gore, Whitney D. Crow, Gadi V. P. Reddy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
• Series: Insects
• Subjects: tarnished plant bug; <i>Lygus lineolaris</i>; cotton; <i>Lygus</i> management; insecticide resistance in cotton insects; Bt cotton
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/9/807

The tarnished plant bug, <i>Lygus lineolaris</i> (Palisot de Beauvois), (Hemiptera: Miridae) is considered the most damaging pest of cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) in the mid-southern United States, although it is established throughout the United States, southern Canada, and northern Mexico. The introduction of transgenic crops for the control of moths in the <i>Heliothine</i> complex and eradication of the boll weevil, <i>Anthonomus grandis</i>, from much of the United States led to greatly reduced pesticide use in cotton fields, which allowed <i>L. lineolaris</i> to emerge as a new primary pest of cotton in the mid-southern United States. Since the publication of a review by Layton (2000) on damage caused by <i>Lygus lineolaris</i>, many new studies have been published on the changes in host range, population dynamics, sampling methods and thresholds, cultural practices, sex pheromones and attractant blends, novel pesticides and insecticide resistance mechanisms, olfactory and feeding behaviors, introduction of biological control agents, host-plant resistance mechanisms, and new molecular and genetic tools for integrated pest management of <i>Lygus</i> species in cotton and other important crops. Here, we review and discuss the latest developments in <i>L. lineolaris</i> research in the last two decades.