| Summary: | Purpose: In this study, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)
spectroscopy was used to evaluate the effect of astaxanthin (ASTA)
supplementation on changes in human plasma elicited by high-intensity
exercise.
Methods: Sixteen adult males were randomly divided into 2 groups
(n = 8 per group), namely the control group C (placebo for 28 d, 4
weeks) and experimental group M (supplement medium dose ASTA: 12 mg/d for 28 d, 4
weeks). At 08:00 on the 29th day, fasting blood sampling was carried out on all
the participants, and the samples were tested in the laboratory for the first
time. Later, the participants performed acute exercise on a pedal-powered bicycle
with full strength for 30 s × 3/3 min intervals (loading a weight of
0.075 kg/kg). Blood sampling was then respectively performed immediately, 1 h
after the acute exercise, and 1 d after the acute exercise.
Results: (1) The metabolites of the subjects of the two groups were
found to be diverse at different time points, and 34 types of metabolites were
screened from the two groups. (2) The metabolites with differences between the
two groups 1 h after exercise were β-hydroxybutyrate, creatine, and
glycerol. The levels of β-hydroxybutyric acid and glycerol in group M
were significantly lower than those in group C, while the level of creatine was
significantly higher. Compared with the resting state 1 h after exercise, the
metabolites in common between the two groups were leucine (Leu),
valine (Val), and citric acid (CA), and their levels were
significantly decreased. (3) During the period between 1 h and 1 d after
exercise, the different metabolites between the two groups were methionine (Met)
and glycerol. The glycerol levels of group M were significantly lower than those
of group C, while the levels of Met were significantly higher. The co-metabolites
of the subjects in groups C and M 1 d after exercise were creatine, glucose, and
glycerol, the levels of which were all significantly increased.
Conclusions: (1) One hour after exercise, the consumption of creatine,
amino acids, fatty acids, and CA was found to be obvious, and ASTA intake was
conducive to their recovery. (2) After high-intensity exercise, changes occurred
in the body’s energy metabolism that involved the metabolism of glucose, lipids,
and proteins, and basic recovery was found 1 d after exercise. The findings of
this study suggest that ASTA intake can accelerate metabolic
recovery induced by physical exercise.
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