Therapeutic Potential of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Therapeutic Potential of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) has established anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease but there is increasing evidence of its role in other inflammatory and immune-mediated conditions, like diabetes mellitus (DM). AAT activity is altered in both developing...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sangmi S. Park, Romy Rodriguez Ortega, Christina W. Agudelo, Jessica Perez Perez, Brais Perez Gandara, Itsaso Garcia-Arcos, Cormac McCarthy, Patrick Geraghty
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:Medicina
Subjects:
alpha-1 antitrypsin
diabetes mellitus
inflammation
apoptosis
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/4/397
Description
Summary:Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) has established anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease but there is increasing evidence of its role in other inflammatory and immune-mediated conditions, like diabetes mellitus (DM). AAT activity is altered in both developing and established type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as well in established type 2 DM (T2DM). Augmentation therapy with AAT appears to favorably impact T1DM development in mice models and to affect β-cell function and inflammation in humans with T1DM. The role of AAT in T2DM is less clear, but AAT activity appears to be reduced in T2DM. This article reviews these associations and emerging therapeutic strategies using AAT to treat DM.
ISSN:1010-660X
1648-9144

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