| Summary: | In this study, arabinogalactan (ARB) and <i>Lactobacillus uvarum</i> LUHS245 antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria (<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> 17-331, <i>Acinetobacter baumanni</i> 17-380, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, MRSA M87fox, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> 86, <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> 103, <i>Bacillus cereus</i> 18 01, and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>) and resistance to antibiotics were evaluated and the role of their supplementation on the main metabolic and fecal variables of newborn calves was established. The animal trial involved 48 Holstein female calves randomly allocated in four homogeneous groups of 12 animals each, on the basis of body weight in the second day of life. Calves were fed with a standard milk replacer diet from the second day of life until 14th day, either unsupplemented or supplemented with 50 mL of LUHS245 (≥7.5 log<sub>10</sub> CFU mL<sup>−1</sup>), 30 g of ARB, or with both (50 mL of LUHS245 and 30 g ARB). In vitro data showed that the LUHS245 inhibited the growth of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> and <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (inhibition zones 13.0 and 21.3 mm, respectively). Supplementation of LUHS245 and ARB either alone or together, lowered total bacterial count in the feces and reduced lactate and serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations in blood. This study showed that LUHS245 supplementation alone or together with ARB seemed to have some positive influence on certain health parameters in newborn calves. Further research with larger cohorts of animals is warranted to validate the beneficial effects of the tested supplements.
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